Peripheral Nerve Diseases Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Peripheral Nerve Diseases Deck (12)
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1
Q

Patient has flu-like illness, which begins to have acute ascending paralysis starting in their legs.
What do you begin to suspect?

A

Guillain-Barre Syndrome!

Usually resolves with time

2
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Guillain Barre?

Real simple-like….

A

Some type of infection occurs.

T cells and macrophages fight off infection, but then sort of accidentally attack myelinated nerves.

The demyleination just occurs in a few segments, not the whole nerve usually.

Remyelination will occur after

3
Q

What is leprosy?

A
Infection of skin and nerves
Cuased by Mycobacterium leprae
Transmitted by respiratory droplet
Endemic in poor tropical countries
Causes disabling deformities
4
Q

What are the two forms of leprosy?

A

Tuberculoid Leprosy
less severe, localized in scaly skin lesions, nerves
Good T-cell response to bacteria

Lepromatous Leprosy
Severe and widespread. Skin, nerves, eye, moth, testes, hands, feet
Immune system DOES NOT respond well

Not clear why some have the more severe kind or why some are completely immune to both.

5
Q

What is leprous autoamputation

A

Basically some of the peripheral tissues can be resorbed over a very long time

6
Q

What is a characteristic pathological finding of the herpes zoster virus?

A

Multinucleated giant cells!

7
Q

What is hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy Type 1?

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

A

Disease involving repetitive demyelination and remyelination

Muscle loss, loss of sensation but pain intact
High arches, hammer toes, muscle atrophy
Normal life span

8
Q

What is a pathological finding common to Charcot-Marie-Tooth?

A

Onion bulb formation in nerves

indicative of the myelination and demyelination

9
Q

What kind of neuropathy is associated with diabetes?

A

Peripheral neuropathy, usually in hands and feet

lack sensation

10
Q

What is a paraneoplastic effect?

A

A tumor causes 2ndary effects in the body. SOmtimes they can be recognized and can help identify the fact that there is a tumor at all

11
Q

What two ways can malignancies cause neuropathy?

A

Mononeuropathy caused by pressure from actual mass on nerves

Polyneuropathy caused by a neoplasm’s paraneoplastic effects.

12
Q

What is leonine facies?

A

Not a very nice term for the effects of lepromatous leprosy. The nodules on the face begin to make it have a lion-like appearance