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Psychiatry pro +1700 > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is identity?

A

Experience of oneself as unique, with clear boundaries between self and others

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2
Q

What is self-direction?

A

Pursuit of coherent and meaningful short term and life goals

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3
Q

What is empathy?

A

Comprehension and appreciation of others’ experiences and motivations

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4
Q

What is intimacy?

A

Depth and duration of connection with others; desire and capacity for closeness;

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5
Q

True or false: a healthy personality is flexible

A

True

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6
Q

True or false: a healthy personality has a varied repertoire of coping strategies

A

True

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7
Q

True or false: a healthy personality responds more to internal beliefs that to external stimuli

A

False–other way around

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8
Q

True or false: a healthy personality develops responses driven by current (rather than past) conditions

A

True

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9
Q

What is negative affectivity?

A

(“proneness to negative emotions”)–Frequent, intense experiences of high levels of a wide range of negative emotions

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10
Q

What is detachment?

A

Avoidance of socioemotional experience, including both withdrawl from interpersonal interactions and restricted affective experience and expression

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11
Q

What is antagonism?

A

Behaviors that put the individual at odds with other people, including an exaggerated sense of self-importances and a concomitant expectation of special treatment

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12
Q

What is disinhibition?

A

Orientation towards immediate gratification leading to impulsive behavior without regard for past learning or future consequences

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13
Q

What is psychoticism?

A

Exhibiting a wide range of culturally incongruent odd, eccentric, or unusual behaviors or cognitions

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14
Q

What is the definition of a personality disorder?

A

An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that is markedly different from the expectations of the individuals cultures

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15
Q

What are the areas that are affected with personality disorders? How many must be affected to diagnose someone with personality disorder?

A
  • Cognition (“think”)
  • Affectivity (“feel”)
  • Interpersonal functioning
  • Impulse control

2/4

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16
Q

True or false: Personality disorders needs to be persistent across a range of situations and is inflexible

A

True

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17
Q

True or false: Personality disorders need to be cause clinically significant distress or impairment

A

True

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18
Q

True or false: personality disorders need to be stable over time

A

True

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19
Q

When do personality disorders present? What happens as you grow older?

A

Onset of adolescence or early adulthood

Generally become more normal as they age

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20
Q

What does it mean for a personality pattern to be inflexible?

A

Needs to apply to all situations, regardless of variables of the situation

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21
Q

What is the prevalence of personality disorders in:

  • the general population
  • Primary care population
  • Psychiatric outpatients
A
  • 10-15% of general populations
  • 20-30% of primary care
  • 50% of psychiatric outpatients
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22
Q

What is the only age at which a personality disorder can be diagnosed?

A

18+

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23
Q

True or false: Those with personality disorders often misperceive the clinician’s intents

A

True

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24
Q

True or false: if the pt and clinician are having difficulty comprehending the other’s perspective, this is suggestive of a personality disorder

A

True

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25
Q

Do personality disorders need to be consistent across time?

A

Yes

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26
Q

What is ego-dystonic?

A

When past personality is incongruent with current self

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27
Q

What is ego-syntonic?

A

Self now is congruent with past self

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28
Q

Are personality disorders generally ego-syntonic or ego-dystonic?

A

syntonic

29
Q

True or false: maladaptive interpersonal patterns increase under stress

A

True

30
Q

What percent of individuals who meet full criteria for one personality disorder will meet full criteria for another?

A

60%

31
Q

What are cluster A disorders? What are the three types?

A

odd, eccentric

  • Paranoid
  • Schizoid
  • Schizotypal
32
Q

What are cluster B disorders? What are the four types?

A

Dramatic, emotional

  • Antisocial
  • Borderline
  • Histrionic
  • Narcissistic
33
Q

What are cluster C disorders? What are the three types?

A

Anxious, fearful

  • Avoidant
  • Dependent
  • Obsessive-compulsive PD
34
Q

What is paranoid PD?

A

Pattern of excessive distrust and suspicion of others, and belief that others have malevolent intent

35
Q

What is the treatment approach for paranoid PD?

A
  • Be very open about what you are doing and why

- Acknowledge patient’s feelings and concerns

36
Q

True or false: Paranoid PD pts may take a slightly more friendly tone

A

False–overtones of friendliness may be met with suspicion

37
Q

What is schizoid personality disorder?

A

Neither desires or enjoy close relationships

38
Q

How are Social anxiety disorders different from schizoid personality disorders?

A

Schizoids Neither desire or enjoy close relationships, but social anxiety want relationships

39
Q

True or false: schizoid personality disorders have little interest in sexual activities with another person

A

True

40
Q

What is the treatment approach for schizoid personalities?

A
  • Maintain a professional style, and interest in their well being.
  • Respect privacy
41
Q

Why must you explain why schizoid pts need to follow your your advice?

A

Do not care to please you–need a good reason to f/u

42
Q

What is the schizotypal PD?

A
  • Discomfort with close relationships
  • Odd beliefs or magical thinking
  • Odd perceptual experiences (“psychosis-light”)
43
Q

What is the approach to pts with schizotypal PD? (2)

A
  • Avoid confronting odd beliefs or behaviors

- Screen for more florid forms of psychosis

44
Q

What is an antisocial PD?

A
  • Persistent disregard for the right of others without remorse
  • Consistent deceitfulness
  • Irritability
45
Q

What is the approach to antisocial PD?

A
  • Set clear patient-clinician relationship boundaries

- Be mindful of drug-seeking or malingering

46
Q

What is the key defining quality of antisocial PD?

A

Lack of remorse

47
Q

What is borderline PD?

A
  • Desperation to avoid abandonment

- Intense, All good or all bad relationships

48
Q

What is the approach toward pts with borderline PD? (3)

A
  • Avoid rescuing or abandoning
  • Be predictable and stable
  • Establish realistic expectations and boundaries
49
Q

What is the classic defining feature of borderline PD?

A

All good or all bad relationships

50
Q

True or false: pts with borderline PDs often have intense, poorly controlled anger

A

True

51
Q

True or false: pts with borderline PDs do not have suicidality

A

False–diagnostic criteria that they do

52
Q

What is histrionic PD?

A
  • Desire to be center of attention at all times

- Often seductive or sexually provocative

53
Q

What does it mean to say that histrionic PDs are suggestible?

A

Your suggestions influence their responses

54
Q

What is the approach to a histrionic PD?

A

Maintain clear boundaries

55
Q

What is narcissistic PD?

A
  • Sees self as superior and expects others to do the same

- Lacks empathy

56
Q

True or false: narcissistic PDs tend to lack empathy

A

True

57
Q

What is the approach to narcissistic PD?

A

Avoid confronting the entitlement–frame suggestions with a statement about the patient deserving the best care possible

58
Q

What is an avoidant PD?

A

Very strong fears of criticism and rejection that leads to avoidance of activities of personal contact

59
Q

What is the approach to avoidant PD?

A

Be calm, transparent, and reassuring.

60
Q

What is depended PD?

A
  • Requires excessive advice and reassurance to make small decisions
  • Feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone
61
Q

What is the approach to dependent PD?

A

Avoid making decisions for patient–offer options and support them

62
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive PD?

A
  • Preoccupied with details and order more than the main point of the task
  • Perfectionist to a level that impairs functioning
63
Q

What is the approach to obsessive-compulsive PD?

A

Assume a consultant role

64
Q

What are the comorbidities with cluster C PDs?

A

Depression

substance abuse

65
Q

What are the comorbidities with cluster B PDs?

A

Elevated risk of suicide

66
Q

What is the treatment for PDs?

A
  • Management is the goal

- psychotherapy

67
Q

How can you manage your feelings of a PD pt?

A

-Consult with colleagues

68
Q

What is the major issue with obtaining a history with a schizoid personality disorder?

A

Unlikely to volunteer information

Psychiatry pro +1700 (28 decks)

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