Pharm Antifungals Flashcards

1
Q

*Polyenes (amphotericin, nystatin, natamycin)MOA

A
  • BIND TO ERGOSTEROL (create HYDROPHILIC pores/leaks)

- IMPAIR MEMBRANE MEMBRANE

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2
Q

*Allylamines (terbinafine, naftitine) MOA

A
  • Inhibit SQUALENE-2,3-EPOXIDASE (lanosterol synthesis?) synthesis (squalene surplus) (inhibit squalene 2,3 epoxidase)–create deficit of ergosterol
  • Impair membrane integrity
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3
Q

*Azoles (ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, tioconazole, fluoconazole) MOA

A

Inhibit ergosterol synthesis (lanosterol surplus) (inhibit lanosterol 12-alpha-demethylase)–create deficit of ergosterol

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4
Q

*Griseofulvin MOA

A
  • BIND TO MICROTUBLES (tubulin, microtubule proteins)

- Impair Mitosis

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5
Q

How does a fungus evade polyene MOA?

A

Ergosterol deficit–so drug can not work

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6
Q

*Natamycin used where?

A

OPTHALAMIC, -CIDAL

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7
Q

*Nystatin used where and when?

A
  • MOUTH/ESOPHAGUS. AGAINST CANDIDA
  • TOPICAL FORM (too toxic for systemic)
  • DIAPER RASH, VAGINAL CANDIDA
  • NOT DERMATOPHYTES
  • Tablet poorly absorbed, so can reach Candida in intestine
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8
Q

*Allylamines used to treat what?

A
  • TINEA ANYTHING, both dugs can treat topical/local problems

- TERMINAFINE (SCALP, FINGER OR TOE NAIL FUNGAL INFECTIONS)

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9
Q

*Terbinafine (an allylamine) specifically used when? Contraindication?

A
  • CONTRA IN PREGNANCY
  • Systemic and local delivery
  • Used to treat Tinea capitis or systemic problems
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10
Q

Clotrimazole (an azole) used to treat what?

A

Oropharyngeal Candidiasis. Use intraconazole for immunocompromised (low yield)

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11
Q

*Azoles used to treat what?

A
  • VAGINAL/BLADDER CANDIDA
  • OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDA (THRUSH)
  • DERMATOPHYTES AND CANDIDA
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12
Q

*Fluconazole (an azole) used to treat what?

A
  • BLADDER INFECTION

- 75% renal excretion

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13
Q

*Griseofulvin used when? And eliminated how?

A
  • static
  • -DERMATOPHYTES, NOT CANDIDA
  • TINEA CAPITIS or widespread tinea
  • CYP450 INDUCTION, AVOID ALCOHOL
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14
Q

Don’t use cortical steroids along side treatment

A

factual info (low yield?)

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15
Q

*TERBINAFINE uses

A

-DERMATOPHYTES, WEAK AGAINST CANDIDA

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