pharm hw 76-100

Question 1

Patients with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are at significant risk for toxic effects of medications or metabolic waste products in the body.
Choose one answer.
	 A. renal failure  	
	 B. diabetes mellitus  	
	 C. stomach cancer  	
	 D. heart failure

Answer 1

a

Question 2

Patients with primary pulmonary hypertension may experience acute decompensation if they are given a:
Choose one answer.
	 A. salicylate.  	
	 B. vasopressor.  	
	 C. diuretic.  	
	 D. bronchodilator.

Answer 2

b

Question 3

Phenothiazine medications exert their antiemetic properties by:
Choose one answer.
A. promoting the secretion of hormones in the brain that depress the function of the medulla oblongata.
B. antagonizing dopaminergic receptor sites in the brain, which suppresses the function of the hypothalamus.
C. blocking histamine-2 receptors, which inhibits gastric acid production and slows peristalsis.
D. activating dopaminergic receptors in the brain and releasing hormones that depress the reticular activating system.

Answer 3

d

Question 4

Physiologic drug antagonism occurs when:
Choose one answer.
A. the action of one medication increases or decreases the ability of another medication to be absorbed by the body.
B. two medications, each producing opposite effects, are present simultaneously, resulting in minimal or no clinical changes.
C. the effect of one medication is enhanced by the presence of another medication, which does not have the ability to produce the same effect.
D. two medications, each producing identical effects, are present simultaneously, resulting in an enhanced physiologic response.

Answer 4

b

Question 5

Repolarization and myocardial contraction are occurring through phases:
Choose one answer.
	 A. 0 and 1.  	
	 B. 1 and 2.  	
	 C. 2 and 3.  	
	 D. 3 and 4.

Answer 5

c

Question 6

Stimulation of alpha-1 receptors results in:
Choose one answer.
	 A. insulin secretion.  	
	 B. vasoconstriction.  	
	 C. arterial dilation.  	
	 D. glucagon secretion.

Answer 6

b

Question 7

Stimulation of alpha-2 receptors:
Choose one answer.
A. constricts the vascular smooth muscle.
B. suppresses the release of norepinephrine.
C. causes profound systemic hypertension.
D. increases the release of norepinephrine.

Answer 7

b

Question 8

Stimulation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors would produce all of the following effects, EXCEPT:
Choose one answer.
A. an increase in heart rate.
B. increased renin secretion.
C. increased cardiac electrical conduction.
D. decreased myocardial contractility.

Answer 8

d

Question 9

Stimulation of beta-2 receptors will cause:
Choose one answer.
A. bronchoconstriction.
B. the airway diameter to dilate.
C. vasoconstriction and hypertension.
D. a decreased release of norepinephrine.

Answer 9

b

Question 10

Succinylcholine should not be used in patients with:
Choose one answer.
	 A. a closed head injury.  	
	 B. known hyperkalemia.  	
	 C. a rapid heart rate.  	
	 D. suspected hypokalemia.

Answer 10

b

Question 11

The ability of a medication to initiate or alter cell activity in a therapeutic or desired manner is referred to as:
Choose one answer.
	 A. potency.  	
	 B. efficacy.  	
	 C. affinity.  	
	 D. the threshold level.

Answer 11

b

Question 12

The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970:
Choose one answer.
A. regulated the import, manufacture, prescription, and sale of several nonnarcotic medications and cocaine, opium, and their derivatives.
B. was aimed at protecting the public from mislabeled, poisonous, or otherwise harmful food, medications, and alcoholic beverages.
C. increased the penalties for violation of the Harrison Narcotic Act, made the possession of heroin illegal, and outlawed the acquisition and transportation of marijuana.
D. was a legislative act dealing with narcotic and nonnarcotic medications that have a potential for abuse, and developed a drug classification system according to the abuse potential of the medications.

Answer 12

d

Question 13

The generic name of a medication:
Choose one answer.
A. does not require FDA approval.
B. is proposed by the manufacturer.
C. is proprietary and cannot be reproduced.
D. contains a string of letters and numbers.

Answer 13

b

Question 14

The ideal body weight for a woman who is 5 ft 5 in tall is:
Choose one answer.
	 A. 52 kg.  	
	 B. 57 kg.  	
	 C. 62 kg.  	
	 D. 66 kg.

Answer 14

b

Question 15

The paramedic can avoid technical errors in medication administration by:
Choose one answer.
A. using a current, reliable medication reference source before administering the medication.
B. having a partner confirm the volume in a syringe or a weight-based medication calculation.
C. contacting medical control and confirming that the proposed dose is appropriate for the patient.
D. evaluating a patient for medication allergies or hypersensitivity before administering the medication.

Answer 15

b

Question 16

The paramedic may be called upon to administer platelets to patients with:
Choose one answer.
	 A. thrombocytopenia.  	
	 B. hemolytic anemia.  	
	 C. a low hematocrit.  	
	 D. hypercoagulopathy.

Answer 16

a

Question 17

The paramedic must use caution when referencing a medication in an American Medical Association (AMA) publication because:
Choose one answer.
A. the AMA publication only lists medications that are in human clinical trials.
B. not every medication listed in the compendium has received FDA approval.
C. medications listed in an AMA publication are typically not for prehospital use.
D. all medications in an AMA publication are listed by their chemical name only.

Answer 17

b

Question 18

The paramedic should administer promethazine (Phenergan) by:
Choose one answer.
A. diluting it in 20 mL of normal saline and giving it over 1 to 2 minutes.
B. rapid IV push undiluted, as this will minimize the risk of vascular injury.
C. mixing it with 25 mg of diphenhydramine in order to prevent dystonia.
D. diluting it in 50 to 100 mL of normal saline and giving it over 30 minutes.

Answer 18

a

Question 19

The paramedic should be MOST suspicious that a controlled substance has been tampered with if:
Choose one answer.
A. repeated doses of the same drug are administered and the patient experiences an adverse reaction.
B. an appropriate dose of the drug seems ineffective, especially when patient tolerance is unlikely.
C. the box that the drug is stored in is torn, even if the drug cartridge itself is structurally intact.
D. there are any stray markings on the drug cartridge or vial, even if the contents are not discolored.

Answer 19

b

Question 20

The paramedic should suspect altered medication metabolism in a patient with:
Choose one answer.
	 A. hypertension.  	
	 B. acute pancreatitis.  	
	 C. chronic alcoholism.  	
	 D. chronic renal failure.

Answer 20

c

Question 21

The peak of a medication's effect depends on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, whereas the duration of effect depends on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Choose one answer.
	 A. distribution, absorption  	
	 B. absorption, metabolism  	
	 C. elimination, absorption  	
	 D. metabolism, distribution

Answer 21

b

Question 22

The physiologic effects of nitroglycerin when given to patients with cardiac-related chest pain include:
Choose one answer.
A. increased myocardial oxygen consumption.
B. decreased preload and coronary vasodilation.
C. coronary vasoconstriction and increased preload.
D. increased afterload and peripheral vasodilation.

Answer 22

b

Question 23

The preferred IV fluid for Y-site tubing administration during a blood product transfusion is:
Choose one answer.
	 A. normal saline.  	
	 B. 5% dextrose in water.  	
	 C. lactated Ringer's.  	
	 D. 0.45% sodium chloride.

Answer 23

a

Question 24

The primary physiologic effect of dobutamine is:
Choose one answer.
	 A. increased afterload.  	
	 B. increased inotropy.  	
	 C. profound vasoconstriction.  	
	 D. increased chronotropy.

Answer 24

b

Question 25

The process that the cells of large medication molecules use to ingest intracellular fluids and their contents is called:
Choose one answer.
	 A. osmosis.  	
	 B. filtration.  	
	 C. pinocytosis.  	
	 D. phagocytosis.

Answer 25

c