PKM Obstetrics lecture 1 - aa Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in PKM Obstetrics lecture 1 - aa Deck (39)
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1
Q

What is “preterm”?

A

less than or equal to 36 weeks 6 days

2
Q

What is “early term”?

A

between 37 weeks and 38 weeks 6 days

3
Q

What is “full term”?

A

between 39 weeks and 40 weeks 6 days

4
Q

What is “late term”?

A

41st week

5
Q

What is “post term”?

A

after 42 weeks

6
Q

the number of times that a woman has been pregnant regardless of outcome

A

gravidity

7
Q

What is parity?

A

the number of times a woman has given birth to a fetus of gestational age of 20 weeks or more regardless of whether the fetus was born alive or not

8
Q

Give the GxPx description of a woman who is currently pregnant and had a previous pregnancy that did not survive beyond 10 weeks

A

G2P0

9
Q

A woman who has never carried a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks

A

nulliparous

10
Q

A woman who has never been pregnant

A

nulligravida

11
Q

A woman in her first pregnancy

A

primigravida

12
Q

A woman with multiple pregnancies

A

multigravida

13
Q

A woman who has had four or more 20+ week pregnancies

A

grand multipara

14
Q

The parity does not take into account multiple gestations (e.g. twins).
T/F

A

True.

15
Q

Describe the GTPAL system of terminology.

A
  • Gravidity – total # of pregnancies
  • Term – total # of infants born at term (at or after 37 weeks)
  • Preterm – total # born before 37 weeks and after 24 weeks
  • Abortions – total # of spontaneous or induced abortions from impregnation to 24 weeks
  • Living – total # of children currently living
16
Q

Using the GTPAL system, how would you chart a woman who has been pregnant one time with twins who were delivered at 35 weeks of gestation and survived?
What would be the abbreviation during her next pregnancy?

A

Now: G1T0P2A0L2

Next pregnancy: G2T0P2A0L2

17
Q

Name 4 presumptive signs of pregnancy.

A

~linea nigra
~chloasma
~mastodynia
~increased size & pigmentation of nipples; more prominent Montgomery tubercles

18
Q

Name 3 probable signs of pregnancy.

A

~Chadwick sign (purple cervix)
~Hegar sign (compressibility of uterine isthmus)
~Uterine souffle (auscultate bruit over placental attachment)

19
Q

Name 3 positive signs of pregnancy.

A

~fetal skeleton on radiograph
~fetal heart tones
~visible fetal cardiac activity on ultrasound

20
Q

When is hCG test usually positive (earliest)?

A

4-7 days after missed period

21
Q

When will the gestational sac be visible on ultrasound?

A

4-5 weeks

22
Q

When should fetal heart beat be detectable by ultrasound?

A

6 weeks

23
Q

Describe Naegele’s rule for determination of Estimated Due Date.

A

Subtract 3 months from the first day of the LMP, add 7 days and one year.
Example: LMP started 7/16/13
Subtract 3 months - 4/16/13
Add 7 days and one year - 4/23/14

24
Q

When can fetal heart tones be heard using Doppler?

A

10-12 weeks

25
Q

When can fetal heart tones be heart using fetoscope?

A

17-20 weeks

26
Q

When can amniocentesis be done?

A

after 15 weeks LMP

27
Q

When can chorionic villus sampling be done?

A

11-14 weeks LMP

28
Q

Chorionic villus sampling will not pick up neural tube defects.
T/F

A

True

29
Q

Increased maternal alpha fetoprotein may indicate what?

A
  1. anencephaly
  2. spina bifida/omphalacele/gastroschisis
  3. placenta previa
30
Q

What is tested in first and second trimester for Trisomy 21?

A

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A

31
Q

Elevated maternal serum estriol suggests what?

A

Maternal serum estriol - elevated levels suggest a viable fetus, a properly functioning placenta, and maternal well-being

32
Q

What is the “triple-screen” and when is it done?

A

16-18 weeks

alpha fetoprotein, beta-hCG, estriol

33
Q

What two things are performed at 26-28 weeks?

A
  1. gestational diabetes screening

2. administer Rhogam if necessary for Rh incompatibility

34
Q

What test is done at 36 weeks?

A

Vaginal group B β-hemolytic strep culture to identify risk for strep sepsis in the newborn

35
Q

When should the fundal height be at the umbilical level?

A

20 weeks

36
Q

Where is the fundal height at 8 weeks?

A

pubic symphysis

37
Q

What is the ACOG recommended weight gain during pregnancy?

A

– BMI < 20 recommended gain of 30-40lbs
– BMI 20-25* recommended gain of 25-35 lbs
– BMI 25-30 recommended gain of 15-25 lbs
– BMI >30 recommended gain of 15lbs

*this is “normal” BMI

38
Q

What type of vaccine should be avoided in pregnant women? What are these vaccines?

A

live virus vaccines:

  • -live attenuated influenza
  • -measles
  • -mumps
  • -rubella
  • -varicella
  • -BCG (TB)
39
Q

What is the frequency of prenatal visits?

A

~Q4 weeks from 0 - 32 weeks
~Q2 weeks from 32 - 36 weeks
~Q1 week from 36 weeks - EDD
~weekly/daily after EDD