0-14 years old are too young to work so are known as the
youthful dependants
15-64 years old, work and support others they are known as the
active population
65+ years old are senior citizens and are known as the
old age dependants
Three methods of gathering population data are:
- Census
- Civil Registration
- National, European and Global Surveys
Some of the data collected by Census are:
- Age
- Sex
- Occupation
- Qualifications
- Ethnic Origins
- Knowledge of Gaelic
Censues are carried out every
10 years
Civil Registration collects data on
- Births
- Deaths
- Marriages
Collection of Civil Registration data takes place
every day
National, European and Global Surveys collect
The same data as censuses but only for 10% of the population
Data collected can be used to make sure there is:
- Education Provision
- Employment Oppotunities
- Adequate Housing & Transport
- Pension Provision
- Maternity Care Provision
- Geriatric Health care and Sheltered Hosuing Provision
The eight difficulties in Collecting Data are:
- Expensive to train enumerators
- Nomadic People/illegal immigrants hard to account for
- People refusing to participate due to social or religious reasons
- Developed Countries data is more reliable (Nigeria)
- Low levels of literacy
- Variety of languages
- Enthic Tensions and Internal Politics
- Poor communication links - Difficult terrain (Nepal)
Population change has two main components:
- Natural Change
- Migration Change
Natural Change in a population is when
the population of a state experiences more deaths than births and vice versa.
Migration Change is when
more people more to a country than emigrate and this results in an increase in population and vice versa.
Fertility is the number of
live births and is measured by crude birth rate which is the number of live-births per 1000 for one year
The 6 factors that affect fertility are:
- Cheap Labour
- Social Pressures
- Economic and Social Burden
- Religious Influence
- Educational Opportunity
- Government Influence
Crude death rate is the
number of deaths per thousand people for a given year
Infant mortality rate is the
number of deaths per infants under one year of age per thousand live births in a given year
Life expectancy is the
average number of years from birth that a person can expect to live to
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 - Birth rate is
high
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 - Death Rate is
high
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 - Population is
low and fluctuating
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 - Geographical Place
Rainforest Tribes
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 - Examples of countries where tribes exist
Indoneisa, Brazil and Ecuador
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2 - Birth rate is
high
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2 - Death Rate is
Rapidly decreasing
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2 - Population is
Rapidly increasing
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2 - Place where this stage exists
Afghanistan
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2 - Fact about case study
2.6% annual increase in population
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3 - Birth rate is
rapidly decreasing
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3 - Death rate is
slowly decreasing
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3 - Population is
Slowly increasing
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3 - An example of a place with stage 3 is
Brazil
Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3 - Facts about stage 3 case study
- Newly Industrailised, becoming rich quickly
- Birth rate is high because it is Roman Catholic