Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

2010 life expectancy US

A

78.7

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2
Q

percent of reduction of CV death in US and Europe between 70s-90s attributed to risk factor reduction

A

50-60%

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3
Q

causes of death in US, 1-5

A
  1. Heart dz, 2. Cancer, 3. chronic lower respiratory dz 4. Stroke 5. Accidents
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4
Q

causes of death in US, 6-10

A
  1. ALzheimers 7. DM, 8. flu/pneumonia, 9. nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, nephrosis, 10. suicide
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5
Q

causes of death in US, 11-15

A
  1. sepsis 12. HTN 13. HTN renal dz 14. ??? 15. homocide
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6
Q

female US life expectancy

A

80.9

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7
Q

male US life expectancy

A

76.0

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8
Q

Top 3 cancers that kill women

A
  1. lung 2. breast 3. colon
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9
Q

younger people die of

A

HIV, accidents, liver dz, suicide, homocide

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10
Q

top 3 cancers that kill men

A
  1. lung (90% smoking) 2. prostate 3. colorectal
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11
Q

highest life expectancy by race

A

hispanic (worse: black)

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12
Q

deaths and costs of chronic dz

A

70% deaths, 83% costs

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13
Q

preventative healthcare expeditures

A

2-3%

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14
Q

2.9 billion dollars in prevention would save

A

16.5 billion annually

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15
Q

goals of healthy people 2020

A

Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages

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16
Q

HP2020 indicators A1c

A

over 9

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17
Q

HP2020 indicators AQI

A

over 100

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18
Q

HP2020 indicators second hand smoke

A

children 3-11

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19
Q

primary prevention

A

prevents dz occurence (helmets, vaccines, smoking assessment)

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20
Q

secondary prevention

A

detect asymptomatic dz, improve outcome (pap smear, bp screening)

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21
Q

tertiary prevention

A

invention to reduce complications of established dz: optho for DM, statins for postMI

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22
Q

RISE

A

risk assessment, immunization and chemoprophylaxis, screening, education

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23
Q

white female 14-25 death

A
  1. accidents 2. suicide 3. cancer 4. homocide 5. cardiac 6. congenital 7. flu/pneumo 8. pregnancy 9 .stroke 10. DM
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24
Q

black female 14-25 death

A
  1. accidents 2. homocide 3. cancer 4. heart dz 5. pregnancy 6. suicide 7. flu/pneumo 8. HIV 9. congenital 10. lower respiratory dz
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25
Q

zoster vaccine

A

all pt over 60 even if they’ve had zoster)

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26
Q

flu vaccine

A

all pt over 6mos old

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27
Q

PPSV23 vaccine

A

all pt over 65

pts w/chronic lung, heart, liver dz, alcoholism, cochlear implants, csf leaks, asplenia, nursing home, smokers

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28
Q

PCV 13 vaccine

A

all adults over 65

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29
Q

Hep B vaccine

A

all diabetics 19-59, older at doctor’s discretion

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30
Q

Hep A vaccine

A

pt at risk for exposure

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31
Q

Tdap vaccine

A

one time in adults w/unknown vaccine status, then Td yearly

32
Q

varicella

A

only in pts w/evidence of nonimmunity

33
Q

birth

A

HepB and HBIG if mom is HBsAg+. repeat at 2 and 6 months

34
Q

2/4/6 months

A

DTap, HiB, IPV (polio), PCV13, rotavirus

35
Q

1 yr

A

MMR, Varicella, Hep A (2x, 6 nos apart if high risk), HiB, PCV13

36
Q

5yr

A

MMR, varicella, polio (IPV), Dtap booster

37
Q

11-12yr

A

TDAP, MCV, HPV (0, 1-2, 6)

38
Q

16-18YR

A

MCV booster

39
Q

18YR+

A

BP screening

40
Q

15-65y

A

HIV screen

41
Q

“adults”

A

tobacco screening and cessation

42
Q

45+

A

DM screening

43
Q

Men 35y

A

lipid screen

44
Q

Men 45-79

A

aspirin to prevent MI

45
Q

60yr

A

zoster

46
Q

65yr

A

PPSV23

47
Q

everyone

A

annual flu, TIV age 6 nos +, or LAIV ages 2-50 if no complications

48
Q

diabetics under 65

A

PPSV, HepB

49
Q

live vaccines, don’t give to preg or HIV under 200 CD4

A

MMR, OPV, varicella, zoster, LAIV, smallpox

50
Q

men 65-75

A

AAA US if ever smoked

51
Q

women 21-65y

A

pap q3 or q5 after 30 w/HPV testing

52
Q

sexually active women under 24

A

chamydia

53
Q

all women of childbearing age

A

partner violence screening

54
Q

women over 45

A

lilid screening

55
Q

women over 50

A

mammogram every 2 years

56
Q

women 55-79

A

aspirin for stroke

57
Q

planning pregnancy

A

.4-.8 mg folic acid

58
Q

pregnant

A

HBV screen at first visit, asymptomatic bacteria screen at 12-16weeks

59
Q

initimate partner violence pravalence

A

31% of all women

60
Q

life expectancy in 1900

A

47.3

61
Q

side effects of vaccines

A

local pain, irritation, fever, vasovagal syncope, occasionally cellulitis, or rarely, an unexpected allergy, anaphylaxis or seizure

62
Q

men CHD risk 45-59

A

4%

63
Q

men CHD risk 60-69

A

over 9%

64
Q

men CHD risk 70-79

A

over 12%

65
Q

women stroke risk 55-59

A

over 3%

66
Q

women stroke risk 60-69

A

over 8%

67
Q

women stroke risk 70-79%

A

over 11%

68
Q

why not screen for hemochromatosis?

A

EaEarly therapeutic phlebotomy does not improves morbidity and mortality in screening-detected versus clinically detected individuals.rly therapeutic phlebotomy does not improves morbidity and mortality in screening-detected versus clinically detected individuals.

69
Q

1-3 more minutes of clinical counseling re:smoking

A

63,000 more quitters, 10 or more minutes would be ten more fold

70
Q

15% increased quit rate

A

in DM population with nurse-managed assistance

71
Q

alcohol in traffic fatalities

A

40%

72
Q

screening disparity: Asians

A

less colorectal screening than whites

73
Q

screening disparitry: hispanics

A

less assistance in smoking cessation

74
Q

screening disparity: AAs

A

fewer mammograms

75
Q

percent of uninsured employed or in employed household

A

82

76
Q

more hospital services for insured

A

90%

77
Q

uninsured women

A

have higher rates of cervical cancer