Principles of endo diseases and it's assessment Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Principles of endo diseases and it's assessment Deck (8)
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1
Q

Two types of assays

A

Two types of assays:

  1. Total hormone assays
  2. Free hormone assays

Total hormone assays:
• Dependent on binding protein levels
• Not always reflective of the free hormone levels
• Cheap

Free hormone assays:
• Representative of the active hormone fraction
• Not binding protein dependant
• Complex and expensive
- Have a separation step (can mean its unreliable)
• Can have poor reproducibility

2
Q

What is Technesium?

A

Technesium is taken up into the gland the same way as iodine.
It is used in technesium scanning to check how biologically active the gland is.

3
Q

How is Thyroiditis caused?

A

Gland has stored thyroid hormone – so if it were to be broken down (e.g. by a disease), the thyroid hormone can be leaked into the circulation – so symptoms of overproduction, even though the gland is not biologically active.
Since thyroiditis is an inflammatory process – it will have an inflammatory response – ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and CRP (C-reactive protein) will rise

4
Q

What is sick euthyroid?

A
  • normal T3 and T4.
  • low TSH
    • Sick euthyroid – shows the stress response – inhibits the production of TSH – but since the half life of thyroxine is 7-10days, the hormones stay normal.
5
Q

What is T3 toxicosis?

A
  • high T3
  • normal T4
  • low TSH
    • T3 toxicosis – a condition where you mainly produce T3. – even though the level of T4 is in the normal range, the brain is still able to detect that there’s too much T3.
6
Q

ACTH levels in adrenal tumour

A

Adrenal tumour – inhibits production of ACTH – so low levels

7
Q

Octreotide scan

A

An octreotide scan is a non-invasive test used to evaluate the body for the presence of neuroendocrine tumor cells.

8
Q

Difference between the long and the short synacthen tests.

A

Difference between the 2 tests = the long test includes a much larger dose of ACTH. – we test the cortisol level on the second day (as the gland doesn’t respond on the first day).
- If the gland is too small, there will be regrowth of the gland within the 24 hours. – then cortisol returns to normal