Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Prokaryotic Cells Deck (16)
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1
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

Cells which contain NO membrane bound organelles

Naked DNA not within a nucleus

2
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell whose DNA is held in a nucleus

3
Q

What is a capsule ?

A

A capsule contains TOXINS and is involved in the protection of the bacteria (e.g. It stops it from being engulfed by white blood cells)

4
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

They’re involved in protein synthesis

5
Q

What is plasmid ?

A

A small C I R C U L A R piece of DNA which carries genes in addition to the main genetic information. Several plasmids can be present.
E.g. Plasmid can create genes which code for antibiotic resistance

6
Q

What is flagellum ?

A

Flagellum allows locomotion of the bacteria

Flagellum is only found in SOME bacteria

7
Q

What is the cell wall?

A

Made of PEPTID O GLYCAN in bacteria
The cell wall stops cell bursting if it takes in water by osmosis
And holds cell in place

8
Q

What is circular DNA?

A
  • carries genetic information
  • circular DNA is not contained in a nucleus
  • sometimes referred to as a chromosome
9
Q

Do bacterium have cytoplasms?

A

YES

10
Q

What is the plasma membrane or cell surface membrane made from?

A

Plasma membrane is made of PHOSPHOLIPIDS

The plasma membrane controls what molecules go into or out of the cell

11
Q

What do sperm and bacteria both have to aid locomotion?

A

Sperm and bacteria both have flagellum how ever they have different structures

12
Q

What are pili?

A

Pili are used by bacteria to attach to other CELLS or SURFACES
Pili are involved in sexual reproduction

13
Q

What is mesosome?

A

Mesosome is the infolding of plasma membrane

- involved in ATP production

14
Q

Can bacteria have infolding of plasma membrane?

A

YES

15
Q

What structures are always present in bacteria’s prokaryotic cells?

A
  • plasma membrane
  • circular DNA
  • cytoplasm
  • ribosome
  • cell wall
16
Q

What structures are additional and sometimes present in bacteria’s prokaryotic cells ?

A
  • pili
  • plasmid
  • capsule
  • mesosome
  • infolding of plasma membrane
  • flagellum