Which molecule are proteins made from?
Amino acid
What happens to the long chains formed by these molecules?
They’re folded up into a specific shape
What do proteins act as?
Structural component of tissue, hormones, antibodies and catalysts
What do catalysts do?
The increase the rate of chemical reactions
What are biological catalysts called?
Enzymes
Which type of molecule are enzymes made up from?
Protein
What property of enzymes are vital for their function?
The shape of the enzyme molecule
What do high temperatures do to enzymes?
Denature the enzyme by changing the shape of the molecule
What other factor is important for enzymes to function correctly?
pH
What does denatured mean?
When the active site of an enzyme changes shape
Which two enzymes are present in biological detergents?
Protease and lipase
How does having enzymes in biological detergents help them perform better?
They are more effective at lower temperatures
How are protease used in industry?
To pre-digest baby food
How is isomerise used in industry?
To convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup which is much sweeter and therefore can be used in smaller quantities in slimming foods