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SUM '20 - Health Assessment > PVD highlights LF > Flashcards

Flashcards in PVD highlights LF Deck (37)
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1
Q

explain functional PVD

A

it is not from physical problems. short term spasms that occur erratically.

2
Q

what are the 4 most common causes of functional PVD

A

emotional stress
smoking
cold temperatures
operating vibrating machinery or tools

3
Q

explain Organic PVD

A

physical changes that can affect the structure of blood vessels.

ie: atherosclerosis can cause plaque build up

4
Q

Organic PVD causes what three things

A

inflammation, tissue damage, and blockage.

5
Q

name 4 primary causes of Organic PVD

A

smoking
high BP
diabetes
high cholesterol

6
Q

name 4 additional causes of organic PVD

A

injury to extremities
muscles or ligaments with abnormal structures
infection
coronary artery disease

7
Q
arterial insufficiency
pulse
edema?
pain?
temp?
color
skin condition
A
decreased pulse 
no edema
severe pain (ischemia or anginal pain)
temp cool
color pale-elevated
dusky red -dependent
skin atrophic - slow wound healing
8
Q

a diabetic patient may be difficult to determine PAD due to what condition

A

neuropathy. but always consider PAD in the diabetic patient

9
Q
venous insufficiency
pulses
color
temperature
skin-
pain
A
pooling of blood distal area
normal pulses
color is cyanotic on dependence
temperature is normal or warm
skin is thickened, hyperpigmented
pain is minimal
swelling is increased in the evening
elevation is mechanical and helps pooling
10
Q

the two most often presenting chief complaints for PV disease are

A

Leg pain

Swelling

11
Q

what is the most important modifiable risk for PVD

A

smoking. as it creates inflammation and oxygen stress. smoking is responsible for 11 % of cardiovascular deaths

12
Q

what is the main cause of PVD

A

atherosclerosis is the main cause of PVD

13
Q

risk for peripheral arterial disease

A
smoker
over 50
obese BMI and distribution
HLD
diabetes (duration and intensity)
race (AA, american indians, mexican americans)
decrease in asians
14
Q

women post menopause have and increased risk of

A

increase risk of PAD

15
Q

how many PVD patients are without symptoms

A

half

16
Q

lower extremity PAD is indicative of what

A

widespread PAD

17
Q

which type of obesity shape has increased pressure on the cardiovascular system

A

apple

18
Q

raynauds is associated with

A

smoking, women, exposure to cold, emotional upset

19
Q

what type of disorder is raynauds

A

constrictive

20
Q

if patient is lying down and has leg pain at rest what will relieve it

A

dangling legs over the side of ht bed- arterial insufficiency

21
Q

can pregnancies increase risk for PVD

A

yes

22
Q
grading pulses
0
1
2
3
A

0 = absent or not able to palpate
+1 diminished or weaker than expected
+2 brisk, expected or normal (try not to use normal in any description)
+3 bounding

23
Q

from aorta to ankle- what sides of the body can PVD be found?

A

it can be found asymmetrically or symmetrically

24
Q

it is said that the size of the LDL particles make a different to the disease process- which size is more problematic

A

small LDL particles

25
Q

what is the main concern if a patient has a dvt

A

LIFE threatening pulmonary embolism

26
Q

what type of patients do we more often see a DVT in

A
prolonged inactivity (traveling)
prolonged bedrest after surgery
27
Q

what symptoms would be associated with a dvt

A

symptoms may be absent

swelling, tenderness, pain at rest and with compression, and raised vein pattern

28
Q

varicose veins are the result of what type of vascular

A

incompetent valves that allow for blood to pool.

29
Q

what are associated symptoms with varicose veins

A

bruising and sensations of burning or aching.

30
Q

what three situations can intensify varicose veins

A

pregnancy, obesity, and extended periods of standing

31
Q

thrombophlebitis- what is it and where does it most commonly occur

A

blood clot in an inflamed vein and occurs in the legs.

32
Q

is thrombophlebitis the result of a deep blood clot or a superficial blood clot

A

both!

33
Q

what are the symptoms of thrombophlebitis

A

swelling, pain, tenderness, redness, and warmth

34
Q

what ages do raynauds most commonly occur in?

A

women between ages 18-30

35
Q

what are the symptoms of raynauds

A

coldness, pain, and pallor of the finger tips and toes

36
Q

what type of disorder is raynauds considered and what is it most commonly associated with

A

constrictive disorder associated with smoking

37
Q

not all leg pain is PVD- name some other conditions that would exhibit leg pain

A
spine disease
nerve damage
osteoporosis
muscle spasm or cramps
RLS
multiple causes and implications