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ADELE-Noodles of Neurology > Raised ICP > Flashcards

Flashcards in Raised ICP Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is the normal ICP?

A

Between 5-13 mmHg

2
Q

What are the causes of raised ICP?

A

Increased CSF
Focal lesion in the brain (SOL)
Diffuse lesion in the brain e.g. oedema, haemorrhage
Increased venous volume
Physiological (hypoxia, hypercapnia, pain)

3
Q

What is bushings triad and what is it a sign of?

A

A sign of raised ICP

Hypertension, Bradycardia and widening pulse pressure

4
Q

If someone presents with a blown pupil or a drop in heart rate what drug would you give them?

A

Mannitol

5
Q

4 clinical signs of raised ICP

A

Papilloedema
Headache
N&V
Neck stiffness

6
Q

How does a subfalcine herniation present?

A

Weakness and sensory loss in the leg

7
Q

What artery is there compression of in subfalcine herniations?

A

Anterior cerebral artery

8
Q

In tectorial herniation what is compressed?

A

Ipsilateral CNIII and its primary parasympathetic fibres

9
Q

What is cerebellar herniation?

A

Displacement of cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum

10
Q

Why is cerebellar herniation life-threatening?

A

Causes brainstem compression and compromises vital respiratory centres in medullar oblongata

11
Q

Define Transcalvarial herniation

A

A swollen brain will herniate through any defect in the dura and skull

12
Q

An increasing number of what can lead to multi-infarct dementia?

A

Lacunes (less than 15mm infarcts)

13
Q

Hyaline atherosclerosis makes the vessels more likely to which two things?

A

Occlusion

Rupture

14
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Stiffer arteries require a higher blood pressure for perfusion

A

TRUE

15
Q

Why do those with hypertensive encephalopathy show symptoms of increased ICP

A

Upper level of auto regulatory mechanism is saturated

BBB incapable of resisting movement of plasma proteins like albumin and water