Reaction Time And Developing Effective Performance Flashcards

1
Q

What is reaction time?

A

The time between the onset of the stimulus and the start of the movement in response to it

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2
Q

Use a practical example to explain input, Decision making and output

A

Input: everything the performer can see and hear: crowd, gun, track
Decision making: selective attention and recognise the stimulus, based on past experience the performer decides to run
Output: to sprint

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3
Q

What is the equation for response time?

A

Reaction time + movement time = response time

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4
Q

What is movement time?

A

The time is tales from starting the movement to competing it

E.g from the first movement off the blocks to the end of the race

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5
Q

What is response time?

A

Time from the onset of the stimulus to the completion of the movement
From the gun going off to the end of the race

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6
Q

Factors affecting reaction time

A

Age: reaction time improves up until 21
Alcohol and drugs: alcohol slows down
Gender: females tend to have a slower reaction time
Personality: extroverts tend to have a faster reaction time
Fitness: fitter you will have a faster reaction time
Past experience: faster reaction with more experience
Stimulus intensity: obvious stimulus will speed up reaction time

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7
Q

What is the single channel hypothesis?

A

Suggests that the brain can only deal with one stimulus at a time
Each stimulus needs to be processed before the next stimulus can be dealt with

E.g dodging outwits your opponent

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8
Q

What does Hick’s law suggest?

A

Choice of reaction time increases linearly as the number of stimulus alternatives increases

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9
Q

How can you improve a performers reaction time?

A

Practice: more, the quicker
Mental rehearsal: activates nerve impulses
Experience: more, the quicker
Stimulus response capability: if it is what you are used to doing, reaction time will be quicker
Cue detection: pick up on cues to read environment
Improve physical fitness: improved reaction
Concentration: fully focused
Level of arousal: optimum level
Warm up: activated appropriate muscles
Anticipation: predict what’s going on

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10
Q

What is anticipation?

A

When a performer is able to initiate actions using signals and cues from the environment and recognising them early thus predicting what is going to happen

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11
Q

What is spatial anticipation?

A

Predicting what will happen

Cricket batsmen predicting the type of ball able to be bowled

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12
Q

What is temporal anticipation?

A

Predicting when it will happen

A football goal keeper predicting when a ball will be crossed and coming out to catch it

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13
Q

What is the psychological refractory period?

A

Stimulus 1: shaping the ball
Reaction 1: blocking the ball
Stimulus 2: kicking the ball in the opposite direction
Physiological refractory period: time taken to respond to the second stimulus
Response 2: turn around and chase the attacker

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