Red eye and adnexal oncology Flashcards Preview

Neuro AM > Red eye and adnexal oncology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Red eye and adnexal oncology Deck (45)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the causes of acute red eye?

A
Uveitis
Conjunctivitis
Scleritis
Acute glaucoma
Keratitis
Corneal ulcer
Orbital cellulitis
2
Q

What is uveitis?

A

Inflammation of the eye

3
Q

What ae the causes of uveitis?

A

Idiopathic
Systemic disease
Infection
Cancer

4
Q

What systemic diseases are associated with uveitis?

A
Ankylosing spondylitis
Behcet's disease
Sarcoidosis
egener's
Lupus
5
Q

What infections are associated with uveitis?

A
TB
Syphilis
Toxoplasma
Hepres simples
Lyme's
6
Q

What is the treatment for uveitis?

A

Treat infection
Topical antiinflammatories
Systemic steroids
Systemic immunosuppressants

7
Q

What are the symptoms of acute angle glaucoma?

A

Severe pain
Vomiting
Fixed dilated pupil

8
Q

What are the symptoms of orbital cellulitis?

A

Pain, redness, lid swelling, systemically unwell
Double, blurred vision
Exophthalamus

9
Q

What are the causes of orbital cellulitis?

A

Sinusitis
Dental infections
Haematological spread

10
Q

What systemic diseases can have ophthalmic presentations?

A
Diabetes
Hypertension
Rheumatoid arthritis
Grave's
Sarcoidosis
Crohn's
Infection
Haematological
Albinism
Marfan's
Thyroid eye disease
11
Q

What are the types of adnexal tumours?

A

Eyelid
Lacrimal drainage
Orbital

12
Q

What are the types of benign eyelid tumours?

A
Squamous cell papilloma
Basal cell papilloma
Melanocytic naevus
Actinic keratosis
Pyogenic granuloma
Keratoacanthoma
Capillary haemangioma
Cavernous haemangioma
13
Q

What is the appearance and cause of a squamous cell papilloma?

A

Pedunculated, raspberry texture

Viral

14
Q

How is a squamous cell papilloma treated?

A

Excision or laser ablation

15
Q

What is the appearance of a basal cell papilloma?

A

Greasy, brown, flat

Oval or round

16
Q

How is a basal cell papilloma treated?

A

Excision

17
Q

What must be watched for with melanocytes naves?

A

Malignant transformation

18
Q

What is the appearance and cause of actinic keratosis?

A

Flat hyperkeratosed skin

Sun exposure

19
Q

What is the treatment of actinic keratosis?

A

Excision

Medical treatment

20
Q

What is a pyogenic granuloma?

A

Fast growing, highly vascularised granuloma

21
Q

How is a pyrogenous granuloma treated?

A

Excision

22
Q

What is a keratoacanthoma and what is the appearance?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Pink papule, hyperkeratotic crater

23
Q

How is a keratoacanthoma treated?

A

Excision

24
Q

Where do capillary haemangiomas normally occur?

A

Upper eyelid, with to without orbital extension

25
Q

What is the treatment of a capillary haemangioma?

A

Beta blockers
Intralesion steroid
Surgery

26
Q

What is a cavernous haemangioma?

A

Well demarcated pink patch that darken with age

27
Q

How is a cavernous haemangioma treated?

A

Laser

28
Q

What are the types of malignant adnexal tumours?

A
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Sebaceous gland carcinoma
Melanoma
Kaposi sarcoma
Marcela cell carcinoma
29
Q

What is a basal cell carcinoma?

A

Slow, inexorable growth over months

Usually non pigmented, but elevated and ulcerated with a pearly rolled irregular border

30
Q

What are the subtypes of basal cell carcinoma?

A

Nodular
Ulcerative
Morphaeform/ilfiltrative

31
Q

What is a modular basal cell carcinoma?

A

Common classic firm pearly nodule

32
Q

What is an ulcerative basal cell carcinoma?

A

Common
Cyles of crusting and bleeding
May progress from nodular basal cell carcinoma

33
Q

What is a morphaaeform/ilfiltrative basal cell carcinoma?

A

Less common

Indurated plaques

34
Q

What is the management of a basal cell carcinoma?

A

Excision with 3mm margin

Chemo, cryotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy

35
Q

What increases the likelihood of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Sun damaged skin

Existing actinic keratosis

36
Q

What is a squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Scaly surface over thick plaque

Develops over weeks

37
Q

What is the management of a squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Excision with 4mm margin

38
Q

What is a sebaceous gland carcinoma?

A

Nodular indurated lid margin with yellowish discolouration

39
Q

What is the management of sebaceous gland carcinoma?

A

Excision with 5-10mm margin

40
Q

What are the 3 types of melanoma?

A

Letting maligna
Superficial spread
Nodular

41
Q

What is a letting maligna?

A

Flat variably pigmented macule

42
Q

What is superficial spread of melanoma?

A

Slightly raised pigmented plaque

43
Q

How is a melanoma managed?

A

Excision with 10-30mm margin

44
Q

What are the types of benign orbital tumour?

A

Capillary haemangioma
Cavernous haemangioma
Pleimorphic adenoma
Optic nerve glioma

45
Q

What are the types of malignancy orbital tumour?

A
Lymphoma
Metastasis
Phabdomyosarcoma
Lacrimal gland sarcoma
Osterosarcoma
Primary melanoma