Spikes and Dome
Subepithelial deposit
Membranous GN
Tram track
Membranoproliferative GN
N GFR
125
Wire loop
Lupus nephritis
Double countour
Membranoproliferative GN
Rash + renal problem
Henoch schonlein purpura
Renal blood flow in both kidneys
1100 ml/min
Flank pain
Painless hematuria
Palpable mass
Smoker
Renal Cell Ca
Massive proteinuria
3g/dl
Massive proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia
Edema
Hyperlipidemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Problem with Distal tubule
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
Microalbuminuria
30-299 mg/dl
Macroalbuminuria
> 300mg/dl
Pathognomonic for Minimal Change disease
Foot process effacement
Post renal transplant rejection
Malignant nephrosclerosis
Bacteria in PSGN
Group A beta hemolytic strep (strep pyogenes)
Hyalinosis
Epithelial damage
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Proteinuria in Membranous GN
MAC (C5b-C9)
Prototypical exogenous IC pattern
PSGN
2 major histologic condition in progressive glomerular disease
Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Tubulointerstitial damage
Ischemic nephropathy
Aminoglycoside
Amphothericin B
Contrast agent
Bilaterally enlarged kidneys
Multiple cyst
Pain, hematuria
Adult Polycystic Kidney disease
Analgesic nephropathy increases risk for
Transitional Papillary Ca of the Renal Pelvis
Most common site of abdominal aneurysm
Infrarenal
Drug for post op urinary bladder atony
Bethanecol
Most common GN worldwide
IgA nephropathy
Drugs that can cause Membranous GN
Penicillamine
Captopril
Hypersensitivity reaction in Good Pasteur
Type II
Reduction in GFR that would progress to ESRD
30-50%
ADH control
Distal tubule and collecting duct
Bladder filling
Sympathetic
Most common gene mutation in APKD
PKD1
Capillary wall damage
Membranous GN
Associated with Proteus infection
Stag horn calculi
Marked sense of bladder fullness
400-500ml
Associated with HIV and heroin
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Ca associated with Schistosoma Hematobium
Squamous cell bladder Ca
Female
Reproductive age
Proteinuria, rbc cast
HTN
Lupus nephritis
Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage
Anti-GBM
Linear IG deposits
Type 1 RPGN - Good Pasteur
End artery occlusion
White infarct
Wedge shape
Most common NS in children
Minimal Change Disease/Lipoid Nephrosis
Most common NS in adult
Membranous GN
Prototypical endogenous IC pattern
SLE
Lumpy bumpy
Post strep GN
Enlarged, hypercellular glomeruli
Mesangial and monocytes interposition
Membranoprliferative GN
Gene causing cyst formation
Polycystin 1
Cyst formation
Abnormal cellular matrix
Fluid secretion
Cell proliferation
Foot process effacement
Minimal change disease
Lipid laden PCT
Minimal change disease
Diagnostic work up for DM nephropathy
24 hr urine protein
6 y/o throat pain, fever
1-2weeks after, hematuria, proteinuria, periorbital edema
Post strep GN
APKD associated with
Liver cyst
Berry aneurysm
Nerve deafness
Alport syndrome
Alport syndrome
Type IV collagen
Times plasma volume filtered
60
Renal Ca treatment
Nephrectomy
Congenital disorder by ACEI
Renal agenesis
Most common Lupus nephritis
Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
Bladder emptying
Parasympathetic
Urge to void
150ml
BP control for DM and HTN
ACEI and ARB
Countercurrent multiplier
Loop of Henle
Impermeable to urea
Thick ascending limb
DCT
Cortical collecting duct
Treatment for PSGN
Penicillin
Macrolide
Most common Renal Ca
Clear cell
Transport of sugar and amino acid
Secondary active transport
Most common Renal Ca in children
Nephroblastoma/Wilm’s tumor
Drug causing Interstitial nephrosclerosis
Methicillin
Analgesic
Edema
Foamy urine
Unintentional weight gain
Anorexia
DM nephropathy
Major sodium reabsorption
PCT
Countercurrent exchange
Vasa recta
Highly permeable to water
Thin descending limb
No sodium transport
Thin descending limb
Dictates water permeability
Aquaporin
Normal blood pH
7.4
Poor response to steroids
Membranous GN
Good response to steroids
Minimal change disease
RPGN
Lupus nephritis
Aspirin, Phenacetin, NSAID
Analgesic nephropathy
Analgesic nephropathy
Aspirin, Phenacetin, NSAID
Hallmark of Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Epithelial damage
Most abundant CHON excreted in urine
Tamhorsfall protein
Water reabsorption
PCT
WAGR Syndrome
Wilm’s tumor
Aniridia
Genitourinary problems
Retardation
Highest vascular resistance in kidneys
Interlobar
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Regulation of urine concentration
Medullary countercurrent system
ADH
Secrete ADH
Supraoptic nuclei in post pituitary
Kimmelsteil - Wilson lesion
DM nephropathy
Nodular Glomerulosclerosis
DM nephropathy
% water reabsorbed
99%
Sclerosis of arteries
Long standing HTN
Benign nephrosclerosis
Leather grain appearance
Benign nephrosclerosis
Na transport
Primary active
Glucose transport
GLUT 2/SGLT
Amount of protein in urine
Zero
Drug that cause Diabetes Insipidus
Lithium
Lithium
Diabetes Insipidus
Urea reabsorption
PCT
ANCA positive
Systemic Vasculitis
Type III RPGN
Secrete renin
JG cells
Amount of fluid filtered per day
180L
Impermeable to water
Thick ascending limb
Most common type of lupus
Type IV - Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
Regulate GFR
Filtering membrane
Particle size, shape and charge
Filtering forces
Blood flow
Abdominal bruit
Renal artery stenosis
Abdominal aneurysm
Most potent stimulus for erythropoietin production
Hypoxia
Kidney function
Excretion
Homeostasis
Endocrine
HTN
Abdominal bruit
Dyslipidemia
Renal artery stenosis
Maintains bladder tone
Detrusor muscle
Weight of kidneys
150mg
Treatment for acute exacerbation of lupus nephritis
Steroids
Basic functional unit of kidney
Nephron
% phenol reabsorbed
Zero
Embryologic origin of collecting duct
Ureteric bud
Hormones secreted by kidney
Erythropoietin
Prostaglandin
Renin
Vit D
Primitive urine
Glomerular filtration
Embryologic origin of nephron
Metanephric blastema
Avascular part of kidney
Medulla
Leading cause of ESRD
DM nephropathy
Na sensor
Macula densa
Placement of donor kidney
Iliac fossa
Basic renal process
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Onion skinning
Malignant nephrosclerosis
Fibrinoid necrosis
Malignant nephrosclerosis
% CO that kidney receives
25%
Accelerated rise in BP
Malignant nephrosclerosis
Systemic diseases causing NS
SLE
Amyloidosis
DM
Problem with post pituitary
Central diabetes Insipidus