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Flashcards in Renal Deck (11)
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1
Q

What urine casts are seen in Prerenal conditions?

A

hyaline and finely granular casts

2
Q

What urine casts are seen in Acute Tubular Necrosis?

A

epithileal and course granular casts

3
Q

What urine cases are seen in Acute Interstitiial nephritis?

A

white cell casts

4
Q

What urine cases are seen in Acute Glomerulonephritis?

A

red cell casts

5
Q

When should dialysis be considered in acute renal failure?

A

K > 6.5, blood pH < 7.1, refractory hypovolemia w/ BUN > 80, Na < 120 or > 155, or overdose of dialyzable drug

6
Q

Which of the renal tubular acidosis have hyerkalemia and which have hypokalemia?

A

Hyperkalemia: RTA 4
Hypokalemia: RTA 1 and 2

7
Q

Where do loop diuretics act upon? What is the mechanism?

A

ascending limb of loop of henley

prevent sodium absorption by interfering with Na-K-Cl pump

8
Q

What is the mechanism of thiazide diuretics?

A

inhibit Na-Cl cotransporter

9
Q

What are examples of K sparing diuretics? Where do they act?

A

Amiloride, spironolacotone

cortical collecting tubules

10
Q

Where does mannitol exert its effect?

A

proximal tubule and loop of henley

11
Q

What medication treats neurogenic or atonic bladder?

A

Bethanechol