Respiration Oxygen Transport DO NOT UNDERSTAND AT ALL Flashcards Preview

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1
Q

Anaerobic metabolism is __X more efficent than anaerobic

A

18x

2
Q

Aerobic metabolism requires _______ & produces _________

A

Requires oxygen

Produces CO2

3
Q

Diffusion

= ammount of substance diffusing per unit time depends on:

A
  • concentration
  • distance
  • surface area
  • permeability
4
Q

What are respiratory pigments?

A

Proteins that contain one or more transition metal ions, that bind oxygen. May be contained within cells or free in solution in blood or coelomic fluid

5
Q

Name as many resperitory pigments as you can

A

Fe

  • haemoglobin (vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, etc)
  • myoglobin (vertebrates)
  • chlorocruorin (polychaete worms)
  • erythrocruorin (annelid worms)
  • haemerythrin (nematode & sipunculid worms)
  • myohaemerythrin

Cu

-haemocyanin (molluscs, arthropods)

These proteins may contain just one or many subunits

6
Q

Haemoglobin is a tetrameric respiratory pigment containing iron. The presence of haemoglobin in our blood increases oxygen carrying capacity at least __ times. The protein obstructs tight binding of O2 to Fe,

A

60 times

7
Q

Haemoglobin oxygen dissociation:

The affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen depends on a number of factors. Most important of these is the oxygen concentration (PO2).

Release of O2 by Hb at low PO2 delivers O2 to tissues.

A

“Make sure you understand this”

8
Q

Tissues that are working harder during excercise have a lower PO2

are actually going to get get more oxygen released from the Hemoglobin compared with tissues that have a higher PO2 that are not working as hard.

A
9
Q
  • At low oxygen concentrations its relitively hard for the first oxygen to bind to the first group in the ‘tetremeric protein’ (4 N groups)
  • Need to increase oxygen concentration my a reasonable amount, in order for that first O2 to bind
  • Once first 02 binds, it makes it easier for subsequent oxygens to bing
  • Happens because of ____________ between the four sub units of the hemoglobin molecule.
A

A. Cooperativity

10
Q

When the oxygen binds, the structure of the hemoglobin structure changes, and that structual change in the first group when the first O2 binds then creates pressure on other sub units in that tet protein which frees up the heem group a bit and allows O2 to bind more easily to those subsequent second or forth groups.

A
11
Q

Human foetal haemoglobin has a ______ affinity that that of its mother - The foetus steals O2 for its own use. Foetal Hb production is switched off around birth.

A

-Higher

12
Q
A