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Emergency Med > Respiratory > Flashcards

Flashcards in Respiratory Deck (16)
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1
Q

What should you be concerned with when you see peripheral cyanosis (especially unilateral)?

A

Thrombosis

2
Q

What is a flail chest?

A

Abnormal breathing movements usually caused by multiple rib fractures

3
Q

What is the classic cause of inspiratory stridor?

A

Air flow obstruction occurring above the level of the vocal cords

4
Q

How is expiratory (mixed) stridor difference from inspiratory?

A

Air flow obstruction below the vocal cords

5
Q

Contraindication to epinephrine during anaphylaxis

A

There are none

6
Q

How does an anaphylactoid reaction differ from anaphylaxis?

A

Not antibody related, use a different pathway, but treated similarly (epi)

7
Q

Three D’s of epiglottitis

A

Dysphagia
Drooling
Distress

8
Q

What three conditions should you consider if you hear crackles (rales) due to inter-alveolar fluid?

A

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Pneumonia

9
Q

What etiologies might you suspect with JVD with lungs that appear clear to auscultation? (3)

A

Right heart failure
Cardiac tamponade
Pulmonary embolism

10
Q

What is the initial treatment for worsening CHF?

A

O2
Head and shoulders elevated
Keep pt calm
911

11
Q

What is the first line tx in an acute asthma attack?

A

Inhaled or nebulized short acting beta agonist (SABA) [e.g. albuterol]

12
Q

What type of immunologic reaction is anaphylaxis?

A

Type I hypersensitivity reaction (IgE mediated)

13
Q

What’s the dosage of epi in anaphylaxis?

A

0.3 to 0.5 mg (1 mg/mL preparation) IM every 5-15 min as needed.

14
Q

Beside epi, what else is appropriate to tx anaphylaxis?

A
  • O2, 6-8 L/min. or up to 100% as needed
  • Normal saline rapid bolus (1-2 L IV)
  • Also consider albuterol, H1/H2 antihistamine, or glucocorticoid
15
Q

What is the posture and speech like in children with epiglottitis?

A
Tripod posture (trunk/chin forward, neck hyperext.)
"hot potato" (muffled)
16
Q

What are the key differences in oxygen delivery devices?

A

Nasal cannula (low flow)
Rebreather (saves 1/3 of exhaled air to stimulate breathing)
Non-rebreather (higher concentration of O2)
Venturi (specific concentrations for pt’s therapy)