Respiratory System Flashcards Preview

DC A Level PE - Anatomy & Physiology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Respiratory System Deck (15)
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1
Q

What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?

A

Breathing in/out (pulmonary ventilation)

Gaseous Exchange

2
Q

Define gaseous exchange

A

The movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the blood stream and carbon dioxide from the blood stream into the alveoli

3
Q

What are the two processes (with sites) during gaseous exchange?

A
External respiration (at the lungs)
Internal respiration (at the muscle tissues)
4
Q

How is oxygen transported around the body (with %)?

A

97% - Haemoglobin (RBC)

3% - Blood plasma

5
Q

How is CO2 transported around the body (with %)?

A

70% dissolved in water (carried as acid)
23% withing haemoglobin
7% in blood plasma

6
Q

Breathing rate (f) definition

A

Number of inspirations and expirations taken per minute

7
Q

Breathing rate at rest vs during exercise

A

12-15 breaths per min vs 40-60 breaths per min

8
Q

Tidal volume (TV) definition

A

The volume of air inspired or expired per breath (how deep a breath is)

9
Q

Tidal volume at rest vs during exercise

A

500 ml vs 2.5-3.5 l

10
Q

Minute ventilation (ME) defintion

A

The volume of air inspired or expired per minute (f x TV = ME)

11
Q

Minute ventilation at rest vs during exercise

A

7.5 - 5.5 l/min vs 100 - 210 l/min

12
Q

What happens to breathing rate during exercise?

A

Increases in proportion to exercise intensity (until 60 breaths per min)

13
Q

What happens to tidal volume during exercise?

A

Initial increase in proportion to exercise intensity (up to 3 litres)
Then plateaus during sub maximal exercise

14
Q

Why does tidal volume plateau?

A

The increase in breathing rate (exercise intensity) doesn’t allow for enough time to make a deep breath

15
Q

What happens to minute ventilation during exercise?

A

Anticipatory rise
Rapid increase with exercise intensity
Then steady state plateau at sustained sub maximal intensity