Reversible Reactions Flashcards

0
Q

Example of an RR and equation

A
Heating copper (II) sulphate crystals 
CuSO4 (s) + 5H2O (g) --> CuSO45H2O(s)

And heating ammonium chloride
NH3(g) + HCl(g) –> NH4Cl (s)

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1
Q

Conditions of reversible reactions

A

Closed conditions

Dynamic equilibrium

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2
Q

Le Chatlier Principle

A

If dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing something, the reaction will counteract this change

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4
Q

Changing the pressure

A

If you increase the pressure, the reaction will go in the direction to produce less molecules in order to reduce the pressure eg
A + 2B –> C + D
The reaction will produce more C and D

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4
Q

Adding a catalyst

A

Equilibrium will be reached faster

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5
Q

Changing the temperature

A

If you increase the temperature the reaction will go in the exothermic direction to release the heat

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6
Q

The Haber Process

A

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

Nitrogen + hydrogen ammonia

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7
Q

Equation to calculate energy change

A

Break - make

Change= energy need to break - energy needed to break

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8
Q

Catalyst

A

Lowers the activation energy

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9
Q

Ammonia ideal conditions

A

Low temperature for more production
High temperature for speed
Very high pressure
Adding a catalyst

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10
Q

Conditions used to make ammonia

A

400 degrees- not high or low
200 atmospheres- low
Iron catalyst

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11
Q

Why are the ideal conditions not used to make ammonia

A

Low temperature would make more ammonia but at a slow speed to medium temperature is used
Low pressure is used because its very expensive to build a plant which can maintain high pressures

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12
Q

Uses of ammonia

A

Making fertiliser
Cleaning agent
Making explosives

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13
Q

Raw materials for ammonia and their production

A

Hydrogen made from methane and steam

Nitrogen is in the air

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