RNA and protein synthesis Flashcards
1
Q
What is protein synthesis?
A
The production of proteins from the information in a cell’s DNA
2
Q
What are the two processes in protein synthesis?
A
Transcription
Translation
3
Q
What is transcription?
A
Where DNA code is copied into a molecule called mRNA
4
Q
What is translation?
A
Where the mRNA joins with an organelle called a ribosome and the code it carries is used to synthesise a protein
5
Q
What is mRNA? Features?
A
- Messenger RNA
- Made during transcription
- Single polynucleotide strand
- mRNA has codons
6
Q
What is the role of mRNA?
A
Carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes
7
Q
What is tRNA? Features?
A
- Transfer RNA
- Involved in translation
- Single polynucleotide strand with hydrogen bonds
- Folded into a clover shape
- Specific three bases at the end called an anticodon
8
Q
What is the role of tRNA?
A
Carries the amino acids that are used to make proteins to the ribosomes
