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RUSVM Toxicology > Safety Testing > Flashcards

Flashcards in Safety Testing Deck (12)
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1
Q

T/F new drugs for human and veterinary use, pesticides, feed additives, and industrial chemicals have to be assessed for their safety and toxicity before marketing

A

True

2
Q

general tests

A

acute toxicity

subchronic toxicity

chronic toxicity

3
Q

special tests

A

reproduction and fertility

teratogenicity

mutagenicity

carcinogenicity

skin, eye or muscle irritation

hemolysis

4
Q

which specied are most commonly used

A

rats

dogs

5
Q

the tested compound

A

should be pure or as it is commercially produced

vehicle should be inert and not alter th properties of the tested compound

control vehicle should be used

6
Q

for subchronic and chronic toxcity what dose levels are used

A

high dose that produces clinical signs

mid dose that produces mild toxicosis

low dose which is the largest dose that does not produce toxicosis

7
Q

acute toxicity

A

acute LD50/LC50 experiment

single or multiple exposure in 24hr period

observe for 1-14 days

8
Q

aubchronic toxicity

A

exposure >1 - 90 days

usually 3 different dosage levels plus control

hematologic and biochemical analyses are made at intervals

PM at end of experiment

9
Q

chronic toxicity

A

similar to subchronic but period if >90days

10
Q

terotogen

A

any substance that produces non lethal structual or functional abnormalities in the fetus

11
Q

mutagenesis

A

induction of chromosomal changes

12
Q

how is mutagenicity tested

A

dominant lethal test

cytologic tests

host-mediated microbial assay