Section 6 Growth and Development Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Section 6 Growth and Development Deck (31)
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1
Q

Adrenal indufficieny:

A

no feedback to prevent the formation of ACTH, leads to stimulation of MSH

2
Q

What cells release growth hormone?

A

anterior pituitary gland, somatotrophs

3
Q

Somatomedins:

A

other factors responsible for linear growth, stimulate there compound to be released (bone differentiation formation, etc.)

4
Q

Insulin and IGF’s are examples of:

A

Somatomedins

5
Q

Insulin like growth factors:

A

IgF-1, IGF-2, etc

6
Q

major Insulin like growth factors:

A

IgF-1,

7
Q

I Gf-1 release from liver leads to:

A

the production of insulin like growth factors

8
Q

What are directly involved in bone tissues, organ growth, etc?

A

insulin like growth factors igf1 is the major one

9
Q

Metabolic effect of growth hormone:

A

increases blood glucose

10
Q

Anterior pituitary gland response to low carbohydrates in body:

A

somatostatin inhibits and suppresses growth hormone release OR positively regulate GNRH

11
Q

High carbs work through what limb?

A

somatostatin limb of growth hormone

12
Q

True or False? High proteins meals inhibit growth hormone release.

A

F. stimulates

13
Q

Effects of thyroxine, testosterones, and estradiol on growth hormone:

A

stimulatory (estrogen can inhibit bone growth by facilitating bone closure, fuse at the epiphyseal plates, premature closure)

14
Q

True or False? There is a circadian rhythm to growth hormone.

A

T. nocturnal pulse, pulse doesn’t change, but the amplitudes and length of pulse changes throughout life

15
Q

Major lipolytic hormone:

A

growth hormone (chews up fat from marshmallow kid to a leaner body)

16
Q

Effect of growth hormone on IGF1:

A

sensitizes peripheral tissues to IGF1q

17
Q

Problem with growth hormone use:

A

increases greater glucose use and insulin inhibition, can lead to diabetes

18
Q

How can a person become diabetic?

A

wipe out beta cells

19
Q

True or False? Any steady increase in blood glucose levels will lead to the inhibition of the action of insulin.

A

T (check)

20
Q

True or False? Thyroid hormone is a steroid.

A

F. steroid-like

21
Q

Tumors can release this in the anterior pituitary gland:

A

growth hormone

22
Q

True or False? Adenomas of the anterior pituitary gland are frequent.

A

T. (20-25%), benign

23
Q

excess of growth hormone leads to:

A

eccentuation of linear growth, increase in acrol structures

24
Q

Prepuberty:

A

still have the ability to grow linearly

25
Q

Different types of retarded growth:

A

excess of cortisol, nutritional, thyroxine deficit, precocious puberty, dwarfism (growth hormone insensitive (Laron Dwarfism) vs. responsive

26
Q

Effect of high ?

A

ca-P transport utake inhibition in Gastrointestinal, net negative balance in blood, constantly excreting in urine, leach ca and p from bone. If actively growing

27
Q

True or False? Steroids can contribute to a person getting osteoporosis.

A

T

28
Q

Ca/P level inbalance can lead to:

A

arrhythmia, bone resorption to maintain blood levels, intense pain during resorption

29
Q

growth hormone responsive dwarfism:

A

suppress growth hormone, suppress somatotrophs, can be kicked back into the growth cycle before puberty

30
Q

growth hormone insensitive dwarfism

A

peripheral insensitivity, lack of receptors, primarily in liver tissues, where insulin like growth factor arise (responsible for linear growth) no peripheral distal receptors

31
Q

Peripheral insensitivity to growth hormone:

A

Laron Dwarfism