Set 17 Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What causes depolarization?

A

an influx of sodium

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2
Q

What causes repolarization?

A

efflux of potasium

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3
Q

When is the resting state?

A

before AP begins

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4
Q

What is the membrane potential during the resting state?

A

-90mV

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5
Q

When is the depolarization stage?

A

Na+ makes inside more positive

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6
Q

What is the membrane potential during the depolarization state?

A

0mV

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7
Q

What is the outside gate of the sodium channel called?

A

activation gate

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8
Q

What is the inside gate of the sodium channel called?

A

inactivation gate

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9
Q

Which gate of the sodium channel closes more slowly?

A

inactivation gate

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10
Q

When does the inactivation gate reopen?

A

when membrane potential is at or nearly at resting membrane potential

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11
Q

What does a presynaptic neuron do?

A

send the signal

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12
Q

What does a post synaptic neuron do?

A

receive the signal

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13
Q

What are most synapses?

A

axodendritic, from axon to dendrite

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14
Q

Where are gap junctions common?

A

visceral, smooth, and cardiac muscles

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15
Q

What is synaptic delay?

A

.5 m/sec

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16
Q

Are chemical synapses one way or two way?

A

one way

17
Q

What are the excitatory transmitters?

A

norepinepherine, glutamate, and NO

18
Q

What are the inhibitory transmitters?

A

ACh, dopamine, glycine, GABA, and serotonin

19
Q

What are demyelinating diseases?

A

MS, PLS, and ALS

20
Q

What do nocieceptors sense?

A

pain, tickle, itch, and temp

21
Q

What are the two types of mechanoreceptors?

A

Krause and Ruffini

22
Q

What do Krause receptors monitor?

A

pressure, encapsulated mechanoreceptor

23
Q

What do corpuscles of ruffini monitor?

A

temperature, pressure, encapsulated and multi branched mechanoreceptor

24
Q

What are the touch receptors?

A

Merkel’s discs, Meissner’s corpuscles, and Pacinian corpuscles

25
Q

What do Merkel’s discs monitor?

A

general touch, non-encapsulated

26
Q

What do Meissner’s Corpuscles monitor?

A

fine touch, located on non-hairy skin, encapsulated

27
Q

What do Pacinian corpuscles monitor?

A

pressure, vibration, encapsulated

28
Q

What receptor is a quick adaptor and phasic receptor?

A

pancinian corpuscles