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NBCE Part 1 > Set 22 Endocrine and GI phys > Flashcards

Set 22 Endocrine and GI phys Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the anterior pituitary?

A

adenohypophysis

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2
Q

What is another name for the posterior pituitary?

A

neurohypophysis

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3
Q

Where is the adenohypophysis formed?

A

Rathke’s Pouch

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4
Q

Where is the neurohypophysis formed?

A

neural ectoderm

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5
Q

How is the adenohypophysis connected to the hypothalamus?

A

hypophyseal portal system

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6
Q

How is the neurohypophysis connected to the hypothalamus?

A

infundibulum

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7
Q

What are the hormones of the adenohypophysis?

A

GH (somatotropin), TSH, prolactin, FSH, LH, ACTH, MSH

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8
Q

What are the hormones of the neurohypophysis?

A

(ADH)vasopressin and oxytocin

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9
Q

What is the function of ADH?

A

controls water balance

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10
Q

What does a deficiency of ADH cause?

A

diabetes insipidus

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11
Q

What is the function of oxytocin?

A

milk let down, contract uterus

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12
Q

What stimulates oxytocin?

A

suckling

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13
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

regulate blood sugar

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14
Q

What are the hormones of the pancreas?

A

insulin and glucagon

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15
Q

What is the target of glucagon?

A

the liver

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16
Q

What is the function of the thyroid and parathyroid?

A

regulate blood calcium

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17
Q

What is the hormone of the thyroid gland?

A

calcitonin

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18
Q

What are the parts of the adrenal cortex?

A

Zona Glomerulosa, Zona fasiculata, and zona reticularis

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19
Q

What is the function of the Zona Glomerulosa?

A

regulates salt balance

20
Q

What is the function of the Zona fasiculata?

A

regulates blood sugar

21
Q

What is the function of the Zona reticularis?

A

secondary sexual characteristics

22
Q

What is the function of the adrenal medulla?

A

fight or flight

23
Q

What are the hormones of the adrenal medulla?

A

epinepherine and norepinepherine (Medulla:Epinepherine and Norepinepherine = MEN)

24
Q

What is the effect of the adrenal medulla?

A

^ HR, ^BP, ^blood glucose

25
Q

What is digested in the mouth?

A

startch by ptyalin (salivary amylase)

26
Q

What is digested in the stomach?

A

protein is initiated

27
Q

What is the function of rugae?

A

^ surface area

28
Q

What is digested in the duodenum?

A

fat and starch digestion by pancreatic lipase and amylase

29
Q

What is the function of Brunner’s cells?

A

secretes alkaline mucus

30
Q

What is digested and absorbed in the jejunum?

A

peptides and disaccharides

31
Q

Where does major reabsorption of water occur?

A

jejunum

32
Q

How long is the duodenum?

A

10-12 inches

33
Q

How long is the jejunum?

A

6-10 ft

34
Q

What is the function of the ileum?

A

reabsorption of bile and B12

35
Q

How long is the ileum?

A

10-15 ft

36
Q

Where are the peyer’s patches found?

A

ileum

37
Q

How long is the SI?

A

20-25 ft

38
Q

What is digested in the SI?

A

carbs, proteins, and lipids

39
Q

What is the function of the gall bladder?

A

store and concentrate bile

40
Q

Where does the common bile duct empty?

A

duodenum

41
Q

What is the function of CCK?

A

contracts gallbladder, inhibits gastric emptying

42
Q

What is the function of secretin?

A

releases bicarb

43
Q

What is the function of the colon?

A

water reabsorption and electrolytes

44
Q

Where are paneth cells found?

A

colon

45
Q

What is the function of paneth cells?

A

kill bacteria

46
Q

Where are the columns of morgagni?

A

rectum

47
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

produces, stores, and filters

NBCE Part 1 (40 decks)

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