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Flashcards in Skin Exam Deck (33)
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1
Q

Fitzpatrick’s “TAD” system

A

For describing skin lesions.

  • Type
  • Arrangement
  • Distribution
2
Q

Telangiectasia

A

A linear, punctate or sometimes arborizing thin blood vessel

3
Q

Wheal

A

Transient, pink elevation of the skin; caused by edema in the dermis or occasionally in the dermis and fat. Often surrounded by a red flare. The skin surface reflects the presence of edema fluid by showing pores that look stretched like the surface of an orange, hence the term peau d’orange to describe these wheals.

4
Q

Comedo

A

A plugged, dilated pore, often called blackhead (“open” comedo) or whitehead (“closed” comedo).

5
Q

Cyst

A

Semisolid or fluid-filled mass surrounded by a capsule; usually located deeply. In same cases, this lesion is like a water-filled balloon beneath the skin.

6
Q

Abscess

A

Localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by disintegration or necrosis of tissue.

7
Q

serpiginous

A

snake-like in shape

8
Q

Furfuraceous/Branny scale

A

Scales that are fine & loose

9
Q

Ichthyotic

A

Scales that are large & polygonal

10
Q

Silvery/Micaceous

A

Scales characteristic of parakeratosis, especially psoriasis

parakeratosis refers to nuclei retention in stratum corneum

11
Q

Greasy scales

A

Scales that are yellowish and moist

12
Q

Collarette scales

A

A fine peripherally-attached & centrally-detached scale at the edge of an inflammatory lesion

13
Q

Desquamation scale

A

Superficial shedding or peeling of the epidermis

14
Q

skin atrophy

A

Thinning of the skin; appreciated best by palpation. Characterized by loss of normal skin markings. May affect epidermis, dermis OR subcutaneous fat. May be fine wrinkles & increased translucency unless sclerosis is associated

15
Q

Skin burrow

A

A small tunnel in the skin that houses a parasite such as scabies mite.

16
Q

Skin Fissure

A

A crack in the epidermis

17
Q

Erosion

A

Superficial loss of epidermis; not associated with scarring; often accompanies vesicles, bullae or pustules.

18
Q

Ulcer

A

A deep erosion resulting from loss of epidermis and part of dermis; often heals with a scar

19
Q

Excoriation

A

A linear erosion caused by scratching; may be superficial or deep

20
Q

Fibrosis

A

Formation of excessive fibrous tissue

21
Q

Oozing

A

Accumulation of moist sebum, serum, cellular & bacterial debris over a damaged epidermis; often overlies erosion and is seen in vesicles, bullae, and pustules.

22
Q

Crust

A

Accumulation of dried sebum, serum, cellular & bacterial debris over a damaged epidermis; often overlies erosion and is seen in vesicles, bullae, and pustules

23
Q

Lichenification

A

Thickened skin with accentuated surface markings caused by chronic rubbing, and scratching. This term derives from the fact that a lichenified surface can resemble the bark of a tree

24
Q

Types of scar

A
  • hypertrophic: elevated with excess growth of fibrous tissue
  • atrophic: thin & wrinkled
  • cribriform: scar is perforated with multiple small pits
25
Q

Poikiloderma

A

The association of hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, atrophy, and telangiectasia all in one skin lesion. This finding can be seen, for example, in some cutaneous lymphomas

26
Q

Sinus

A

A tract leading from a suppurative cavity to the skin surface or between cystic or abscess cavities

27
Q

Koebnerization

A

Linear streak distribution due to physical contact or rub against a noxious source, like poison ivy

28
Q

Annular distribution

A

Extending from a central point. Often circular

29
Q

Photodistributed

A

affecting sites that routinely receive solar radiation

30
Q

Intertriginous

A

affecting warm, moist opposed sites

31
Q

Flexor distribution

A

affecting antecubital & popliteal fossae, skin folds

32
Q

Extensor distribution

A

affecting extensor aspects on limbs, including elbows and knees

33
Q

Wood’s Lamp

A
  • Assess level of melanin (especially for diagnosing vitiligo)
  • Check for certain skin infections which fluoresce under Wood’s Lamp
  • Detect porphyrin within urine sample