Skull Embryology - ACht Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Skull Embryology - ACht Deck (18)
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1
Q

Which bones are cartilaginous and which are membranous?

A

Cartilaginous

  • ethmoid
  • sphenoid
  • occipital base
  • petrous temporal
  • temporal- mastoid

Membranous

  • flat bones of vault:
  • parietal
  • frontal
  • squamous occipital
2
Q

What structure defines the boundary between bones derived from occipital somites and those derived from neural crest cells?

A

The middle of the hypophyseal fossa

3
Q

What bones are formed from viscerocranium?

A

bones of face, hyoid, and middle ear bones

4
Q

What viscerocranial bones are cartilaginous and membranous?

A

Cartilaginous

malleus
incus
stapes
hyoid
temporal, styloid

Membranous

premaxilla
maxilla
zygomatic
temporal, squamous
mandible
5
Q

What is craniosystosis?

A

premature closing of skull sutures producing a misshapen skull

6
Q

What kind fo skull abnormality is produced by a premature fusion of the coronal suture?

A

brachycephaly

7
Q

fusion of coronal & lambdoidal sutures produces:

A

a “tower skull”

oxycephaly, turricephaly, acrocephaly

8
Q

What is plagocephaly?

A

fusion of coronal & lambdoidal sutures unilaterally produces an asymmetrical skull.

9
Q

What is a fusion of the sagittal suture that produces a long front-to-back diameter skull.

A

Scaphocephaly

10
Q

Microcephaly =

A

Small head due to brain that fails to grow

11
Q

A skull defect in which the meninges and or brain herniate out of the skull:

A

Cranioschisis

12
Q

What is Alpert Syndrome?

A

Autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by craniosynostosis and other congenital abnormalities e.g., syndactyly of hands and feet, mental retardation.

13
Q

What is acrania?

A

No skull formed

14
Q

What is meroanencephaly?

A

some poorly formed brain stem tissue present

15
Q

Anencephaly means:

A

No brain

16
Q

Obstruction in ventricular system or too much CSF will produce:

A

Hydrocephaly

17
Q

What develops into the bones fo the face and skull?

A

Neuroectoderm

18
Q

What develops into the base of the skull?

A

The paraxial mesoderm(somites)