Spinal Cord and PNS Flashcards Preview

Neuroanatomy Exam 2 Class Focus > Spinal Cord and PNS > Flashcards

Flashcards in Spinal Cord and PNS Deck (22)
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1
Q

divisions of the PNS (3)

A

cranial nerves
somatic nervous system (SNS)
autonomic nervous (ANS)

2
Q

What is innervated by the ANS?

A

visceral muscles, glands: cardiac muscle, lungs, GI, secretory glands

3
Q

divisions of the ANS (2)

A

parasympathetic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system

4
Q

functions of parasympathetic nervous system

A

rest/digest

homeostasis, slows body down, decrease BP/HR, peristalsis

5
Q

neurotransmitter involved in parasympathetic system

A

acetylcholine

6
Q

functions of sympathetic nervous system

A

fight/flight

arousal, increase BP/HR, stop peristalsis

7
Q

termination of the spinal cord (3)

A

conus medullaris, cauda equina, filum terminale

8
Q

level of the spinal cord that is large oval with dorsal horns larger than ventral horns

A

cervical

9
Q

level of the spinal cord with largest amount of gray matter and ventral horns larger than dorsal horns

A

lumbar

10
Q

level of spinal cord that is smaller oval and has lateral horns

A

thoracic

11
Q

smallest level of spinal cord (similar to lumbar)

A

sacral

12
Q

dermatome

A

a skin segment that receives its innervation from a specific spinal nerve

13
Q

importance of dermatomes

A

localize lesion pattern in the spinal cord (highly predictable/not much variation person to person)

14
Q

categories of motor neurons (2)

A

upper motor neurons (UMNs)

lower motor neurons (LMNs)

15
Q

function of UMNs

A

carry motor messages from primary motor cortex to cranial nerve nuclei and interneurons in ventral horn

16
Q

lesions of UMN

A

flaccidity at lesion

spasticity below lesion

17
Q

function of LMNs

A

carry motor messages from motor cell bodies in ventral horn to skeletal muscles

18
Q

lesions of LMNs

A

flaccidity at and below lesion

19
Q

Which category of motor neurons is associated with the CNS?

A

UMNs

20
Q

Which category of motor neurons is associated with the PNS?

A

LMNs

21
Q

ascending sensory pathway

A

dorsal/sensory

rootlets enter dorsal horn

22
Q

descending sensory pathway

A

ventral/motor

rootlets exit ventral horn