Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spinal Anatomy -- Morter > Spinal Exam 1: Unit III (pg.16-17--vessels) > Flashcards

Spinal Exam 1: Unit III (pg.16-17--vessels) Flashcards

1
Q

What name is given to the opening located within the vertebral body - vertebral arch enclosure?

A

the vertebral foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The union of all vertebral foramina forms an apparent vertical cylinder called the ___.

A

the vertebral canal or spinal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What neural structures will occupy the vertebral foramen until the level of L2?

A

the spinal cord/spinal medulla/medulla spinalis
the proximal part of the peripheral nerve system
and meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the typical shape/outline of the vertebral foramen at each region of the spinal column/vertebral column?

A

cervical - triangular
thoracic - oval
lumbar - triangular
sacrum - triangular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

At what vertebral level will the spinal cord typically terminate?

A

L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

At what vertebral level will the dural sac typically terminate?

A

S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the cervical spine?

A

the vertebral artery
ascending cervical artery
deep cervical artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the thoracic spine?

A

the deep cervical artery
superior (highest) intercostal artery
posterior intercostal artery
subcostal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the lumbar spine? (4)

A

the lumbar arteries
iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the fifth lumbar vertebra? (3)

A

iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the sacrum? (3)

A

iliolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
median (middle) sacral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What segmental levels are supplies by the vertebral artery?

A

C1-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What segmental arteries are supplied by the ascending cervical artery?

A

C1-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the deep cervical artery?

A

C7-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the superior (highest) intercostal artery?

A

T1, T2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the posterior intercostal artery?

A

T3-T11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What segmental level(s) is/are supplied by the subcostal artery?

A

T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lumbar arteries?

A

L1-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the median (middle) sacral artery?

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the iliolumbar artery?

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What segmental level(s) is/are supplied by the lateral sacral artery?

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which vertebra has the greatest number of segmental arteries associated with it?

A

L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the segmental arteries for L5? (3)

A

iliolumbar artery
median (middle) sacral artery
lateral sacral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which branch of the dorsospinal artery will penetrate the meninges to enter subarachnoid space?

A

spinal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the epidural space?

A

osseous artery
anterior spinal canal artery
posterior spinal canal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the subarachnoid space?

A

anterior redicular artery
posterior redicular artery
anterior medullary feeder artery
posterior medullary feeder artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which vessel will supply the ventral/anterior nerve rootlet and nerve root?

A

anterior radicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which vessel will supply the dorsal/posterior nerve rootlets, nerve root and nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which artery is now said to enlarge and form the medullary feeder artery?

A

the radicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the name given to the artery that lies in front of the spinal cord along its length?

A

anterior spinal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The anterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

the vertebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Is the anterior spinal artery a single, continuous artery along the spinal cord?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

As the anterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

anterior medullary feeder arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The posterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

the posterior inferior cerebellar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the position of the posterior spinal artery relative to the spinal cord?

A

it lies in the posterolateral sulcus along the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Is the posterior spinal artery a single, continuous artery along the spinal cord?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

As the posterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

the posterior medullary feeder arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What forms the arterial vasa corona?

A

anterior spinal arteries
posterior spinal arteries
communicating arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the generic name given to the arteries that penetrate the spinal cord?

A

intramedullary arteries

42
Q

What are the intramedullary branches of the arterial vasa corona?

A

pial perforating arteries and central/ventral/sulcal perforating arteries

43
Q

What artery gives off the ventral/central/sulcal perforating arteries?

A

the anterior spinal artery

44
Q

What arterial vasa corona branches supply gray matter and most of the spinal cord?

A

ventral/central/sulcal perforating arteries

45
Q

What intramedullary branches supply about one third of the spinal cord?

A

pial perforating arteries

46
Q

What is the source for pial perforating arteries?

A

the pial plexus

47
Q

What arteries form the pial plexus?

A

the posterior spinal arteries and the communicating arteries

48
Q

What arteries are responsible for supplementing the arterial vasa corona along the cord?

A

anterior medullary feeders and posterior medullary feeders

49
Q

What vessels drain the spinal cord?

A

pial veins

50
Q

What will pail veins drain into?

A

venous vasa corona

51
Q

Which vessels form the venous vasa corona?

A

anterior longitudinal veins
posterior longitudinal veins
communicating veins

52
Q

Which vessels will drain the venous vasa corona?

A

anterior medullary veins

53
Q

Which vessels will drain the ventral/anterior nerve roots?

A

anterior radicular veins

54
Q

Which vessels will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve roots?

A

posterior radicular veins

55
Q

What vessel will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular veins

56
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior internal vertebral venous plexus

basivertebral vein

57
Q

What lumenal feature of the anterior internal vertebral venous plexus vessels may function like valves of typical veins?

A

trabeculae

58
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

59
Q

What venous vessels are identified in the intervertebral foramen?

A

intervertebral veins

60
Q

What is the unique feature of veins along the spinal cord?

A

they lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins

61
Q

Identify the meninges of the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis).

A

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

62
Q

Identify the meninges of the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis) and the commonly accepted meaning of each.

A

dura mater - tough mother
arachnoid mater - spider mother
pia mater - tender or delicate mother

63
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space?

A

interstitial fluid

64
Q

What are the vascular contents of the epidural space?

A

anterior and posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior and posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein

65
Q

What are the neural contents of the epidural space?

A

recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve

66
Q

What ligaments are associated with the epidural space?

A

Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments
ligamentum flavum
posterior longitudinal ligament

67
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein

68
Q

Which of the nerves of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral

sinus vertebral nerve

69
Q

Which of the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

posterior longitudinal ligament and

Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

70
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

71
Q

Which of the nerves of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral

sinus vertebral nerve

72
Q

Which of the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

ligamentum flavum and Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

73
Q

Which meningeal space is now thought to be a potential space, not an actual space?

A

subdural space - b/w the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

74
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space are more likely located near or around the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein
recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve
Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

75
Q

Which of the contents of teh epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus
posterior internal vertebral venous plexus
ligamentum flavum
recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve
Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

76
Q

What is the name given to the fluid present within the subdural space?

A

serous fluid

77
Q

What is the name given to the fluid with the subarachnoid space?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

78
Q

What ligaments may be present in the subarachnoid space?

A

dentate/denticulate ligament

79
Q

What is the name given to the lateral extension of pia mater along the spinal cord?

A

dentate (denticulate) ligament

80
Q

What is the unique feature of veins along the spinal canal?

A

they lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins

81
Q

In horizontal veiw, what direction of the spinal cord tends to be largest?

A

transverse

82
Q

What are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each?

A

C3-T1, the vertical enlargement

T9-T12, the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement

83
Q

Where is the greatest transverse diameter of the spinal cord?

A

C6

84
Q

In which plane (or direction) will the diameter of the spinal decreases from C2 down to T1?

A

midsagittal or anterior-posterior plane

85
Q

What spinal nerves originate from the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement?

A

L1-S3 spinal nerves

86
Q

What is a generic cord level or origin - vertebral level combination for the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement?

A

L1, L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra
L3, L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra
L5, S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra
S2, S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

87
Q

What is the caudal end of the spinal cord called?

A

conus medullaris

88
Q

What spinal nerves originate from the conus medullaries?

A

typically S4, S5, and Co1

89
Q

In which vertebral foramen will the conus medullaries typically be observed?

A

L1

90
Q

What is the name given to the nerve roots below L1?

A

cauda equina

91
Q

What is the continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris called?

A

filum terminale internum

92
Q

What is the location and name given to the area where all meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column?

A

typically S2, the dural cul de sac

93
Q

Neural tissue has been identified in what part of the filum terminate?

A

proximal part of the filum terminale internum

94
Q

What is the fate of the neural tissue identified along the filum terminale internum?

A

it joins peripheral nerve roots of spinal nerves as high as L3 and as low as S4

95
Q

What does the neural tissue associated with the filum terminale internum appear to innervate?

A

lower limbs and the external anal sphincter

96
Q

The last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram?

A

cruciate anastomosis

97
Q

What is the name given to the condensation of meninges below S2?

A

filum terminale externum

98
Q

What is the name given to the condition in which the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened?

A

tethered cord syndrome

99
Q

What is the relationship between scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome?

A

it is suggested that the column will change normal curvature to mitigate damage to the spinal cord caused by a tethered cord

100
Q

At the intervertebral foramen, what is the relationship between spinal nerve number and vertebral number along the cervical spine?

A

in the cervical spine, spinal nerves exit above the segment they are numbered after
(C8 nerve is the exception to this rule)
C3 nerve exits above C3 or between C2/C3

101
Q

At the intervertebral foramen, what is the relationship between spinal nerve number and vertebral number along the thoracic and lumbar spine and the sacrum?

A

in the thoracic and lumbar spine and for the sacrum, spinal nerves exit below the segment they are numbered after (Co1 nerve is the exception to this rule).
T6 nerve exits below T6 or between T6/T7

102
Q

What is the relationship between spinal nerve number, rib number and vertebral number in a thoracic intervertebral foramen?

A

the spinal nerve number relates to the upper segment number in the vertebral couple
the rib number relates to the lower segment number in the vertebral couple
i.e. T3 nerve exits the intervertebral foramen formed by T3/T4 and rib 4 joints with this vertebral couple

Spinal Anatomy -- Morter (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions