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Flashcards in Sprains & Strains Deck (22)
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1
Q

Define Musculoskeletal Disorders

A

Injuries or disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, & supporting structures of the upper and lower limbs, neck, and lower back that are caused, precipitated, or exacerbated by sudden exertion or prolonged exposure to physical factors

2
Q

Causes of Sprains & Strains

A

Excessive reaching, bending, lifting, gripping, squatting or twisting of hands, shoulders or body
Work performed with high force, with many repetitions, or an awkward position

3
Q

Define Sprain

A

Stretch or tear of a ligament caused by a sudden pull

Stretched too far from normal position

4
Q

Define Strain

A

Injury to a muscle or tendon as a result of suddenly pulling them too far

5
Q

Most Common Sprain

A

Ankle

6
Q

Most Common Strain

A

Back

7
Q

Other Common Locations of Sprains

A

Wrist

Thumb: skiing & other sports

8
Q

Grade I Ankle Sprain

A

Ligaments stretched or slightly torn

9
Q

Grade II Ankle Sprain

A

Ligaments partially torn

10
Q

Grade III Ankle Sprain

A

Ligaments completely torn

11
Q

Other Common Locations of Strains

A

Hamstring
Hand
Forearm
Elbow

12
Q

How do strains occur?

A
Carrying, holding, or restraining items, people or animals
Lifting, pushing, holding or pulling loads
Working in a fixed position
Sitting or standing continuously
Driving vehicles for long periods
Repetitive tasks
Working in awkward positions
Vibrations through the body
13
Q

In what professions are strains common?

A
Construction
Agriculture
Trucking/transportation
Food services
Delivery services
Custodial services
14
Q

Signs & Symptoms of a Sprain

A

Pain
Swelling
Bruising
Not being able to move joint

15
Q

Signs & Symptoms of a Strain

A
Pain
Muscle spasms
Muscle weakness
Swelling
Cramping
Trouble moving the muscle
16
Q

Treatment for Sprains & Strains

A
RICE: 24-48 hours
Anti-inflammatories
Mobility aides (moderate)
Possible surgery (severe)
Short course of narcotics
Rehabilitation
17
Q

Ottawa Rules for Ankle Sprains

A

Pain in the malleolar zone plus one of the following
Bone tenderness of posterior edge of tibia or tip of medial malleolus
Bone tenderness of posterior edge of fibula or tip of lateral malleolus
Inability to wear bear immediately & in ED for 4 steps

18
Q

Rehabilitation Phase of Treatment of Sprains & Strains

A

PT/exercise program
Increased strength & flexibility
Advanced stretching
Return to full activities

19
Q

Time to Heal for a Mild Sprain/Strain

A

3-6 weeks

20
Q

Time to Heal for a Moderate Sprain/Strain

A

2-3 months

21
Q

Time to Heal for a Severe Sprain/Strain

A

8-12 months

22
Q

Prevention of Sprains/Strains

A

Stretch before workout
Proper footwear for activity
Adequate warm up
Don’t run on icy/uneven surfaces