Storing and Using Genetic Information Flashcards
Which Carbon is responsible for the difference between Deoxyribose and Ribose?
Carbon 2 DNA has an H OH in RNA
Which base swaps in with Thymine in RNA?
Uracil
What takes place in the Nucleus?
DNA replication and transcription
What is chromatin?
The material of which chromosomes are composed, including protein, DNA and RNA
What are the different forms of chromatin?
Heterochromatin (condensed) and euchromatin (extended) - active
How is chromatin made more accessible to enzymes? The folding in combination with the nucleosomes pose barriers to enzymes
Histones are enzymatically modified Histones are displaced by chromatin remodelling complexes
Why is DNA replication said to be semi-conservative?
one-half of each new molecule of DNA is old; one-half new
When is DNA most tightly packed?
During metaphase
What portion of DNA is a coding region?
Exons
What portion of DNA is a non-coding region?
Introns
What is meant by degeneracy?
Amino acids can be encoded for by more than one codon, with the exception of methionine and tryptophan
Which gene is responsible for sickle cell anaemia?
Mutated hemaglobin gene
What is alternative splicing?
It is when the exons are reconnected in multiple ways during RNA splicing, different mRNA’s may be translated into different protein isoforms - single gene can code for multiple proteins.
Where is an anti-codon found?
On the tRNA molecule
What is the major role of tRNA?
Translation of mRNA
