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Flashcards in Sum 15 Deck (40)
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1
Q

Which type of lung emphysema results in pneumothorax more often?

A

Distal acinar

2
Q

In which of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases the bronchiolitis obliterans develops?

A

Chronic bronchitis

3
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins play role in pathogenesis of intrinsic bronchial asthma?

A

None of the above

IgA, IgD, IgE

4
Q

Which role the smoking plays in the pathogenesis of emphysema?

A

All of above.

Accumulate neutrophils in alveoli, release of elastase from neutrophils, inhibits, alfa-1antitrypin

5
Q

Curschmann’s spirals are typical microscopic findings in which diseases?

A

Bronchial asthma

6
Q

Which of the following malignant tumors is the source of so called “cannon ball” metastases into the lungs?

A

Osteosarcoma

7
Q

Which component(s) of the acinus undergo(s) enlargement in distal acinar emphysema?

A

B + C

Alveoli + Alveolar ducts

8
Q

Chronic bronchitis is best defined as a persistent productive cough for at least ___ consecutive months in at least ___ consecutive years.

A

3; 2

9
Q

Destruction of alveolar walls is a part of pathogenesis of which of the following diseases?

A

Emphysema

10
Q

Which interstitial lung disease is characterized by enlargement of predominately mediastinal (hilar) and paratracheal lymph nodes?

A

Sarcoidosis

11
Q

Which of the following histological patterns of bronchogenic carcinomas has a tendency to localize in the peripheral areas of the lung?

A

Adenocarcinoma

12
Q

Which of the following nerves plays very important role in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma?

A

Vagal nerve

13
Q

Which of the following disorders is (are) considered as condition(s) that predispose to bronchiectasis?

A

All of the above.

Immunodeficiency states; Kartagener’s syndrome; necrotizing pneumonia

14
Q

Which pathologic is NOT associated w/ anatomical changes in the brain?

A

Concussion

15
Q

What is incorrect for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

A

AKA Wallerian degeneration

16
Q

Brain herniation resulting in compression of posterior CA is called:

A

Transtentorial herniation

17
Q

Epidural hematoma results from:

A

Rupture of meningeal artery

18
Q

Duret hemorrhages in the midbrain develop in which pathology?

A

Transtentorial herniation

19
Q

What is the correct name of the deformity characterized by hyper flexion in the proximal interphalangeal joints and hyperextension in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands?

A

“Boutonniere” deformity

20
Q

In OA, which of the following develops first?

A

Decrease of height of IVD

Then spur formation, narrowing of IVF, cartilage degeneration in facets

21
Q

Which of the following is correct name of the deformities of proximal interphalangeal joints of hands in OA?

A

Bouchard’s nodes

22
Q

RA in children, also manifested by hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy and fever is known as:

A

Still’s disease

23
Q

Which joint is typically involved in gouty arthritis?

A

First metatarsophalangeal joint

24
Q

Instability of the atlanto-odontoid joint in RA is caused by which of the following?

A

Destruction of the odontoid process by pannus

25
Q

Which of the following is (are) correct name(s) of the bone overgrowth on the periphery of vertebral body in spinal OA?

A

B+C

Spondylophyte + Spur

26
Q

Which of the following is the correct name of visible on x-rays bone changes within the involved joints in RA?

A

PERIarticular osteoPENIA

27
Q

Which joints are not typically involved in OA?

A

Elbow joints

28
Q

Narrowing of the medial part of joint space along w/ the increased bone density of the articular surfaces in the knee joint are characteristic x-ray signs in which of the following joint diseases?

A

OA

29
Q

The disorder, characterized by presence of rheumatoid nodule in the lung of patients w/ pneumoconiosis is known as:

A

Caplan’s syndrome

30
Q

Cushing’s syndrome is manifested by which of the following?

A

Osteoporosis

31
Q

Sheehan’s syndrome (postpartum syndrome) is caused by which of the following?

A

Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland

32
Q

Which of the following is not a symptom of prolactinoma?

A

Lack of breast milk

33
Q

Which of the following is the most common cause of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion?

A

Oat cell carcinoma

AKA small cell

34
Q

Diabetes insidious results from which of the following?

A

Hypo function of neurohypophysis

35
Q

Fröhliches syndrome is associated w/ which pathology?

A

Hypo function of adenohypophysis

36
Q

Which of the following is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the adults?

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

37
Q

Myxedema is associated w/ which of the following

A

HYPOproduction of thyroid hormones in ADULTS

38
Q

Which of the following is a manifestation of cretinism?

A

Umbilical hernia

39
Q

Conn’s syndrome is also known as which of the following?

A

Hyperaldosteronism

40
Q

Which of the following is associated w/ addison’s disease?

A

Adrenocortical insufficiency