Supportive devices

Question 1

What is the application/use of crutches?

Answer 1

feet, shoulder width apart, set tip 6” out 2” up from shoes, arm brace 2” below axilla, elbow bent 30 degrees

Question 2

What is the clinical goal of a cane?

Answer 2

partial non-weight bearing on injured extremity

Question 3

What is the application/use of a cane?

Answer 3

top of cane at greater trochanter, use an opposite side of injury

Question 4

What is the clinical goal of lumbar/sacroiliac supports?

Answer 4

hypermobile or extra support for lifting

Question 5

What is the application/use for lumbar/sacroiliac supports?

Answer 5

stabilize lumbar intervertebral joints/stabilize sacrum and pelvis

Question 6

What is the clinical goal of a wrist brace?

Answer 6

limit flex/ext or radial/ulnar deviation

Question 7

What is the application or use of a wrist brace?

Answer 7

metal stay (spoon) on palmer side to limit flexion and dorsal side to limit extension

Question 8

What is the clinical goal to using a cho-pat knee strap?

Answer 8

osgood-schlatter’s disease

Question 9

What is the application/use of cho-pat knee strap?

Answer 9

between patella and tibial tubercle across patellar tendon

Question 10

What is the clinical goal of a soft cervical collar?

Answer 10

limit some ROM of C spine; support head post sprain/strain

Question 11

What is the clinical goal of an Ankle stirrup brace (air cast)?

Answer 11

support and protect the ankle. allows protected weight bearing

Question 12

What is the application/use of an ankle stirrup brace (air cast)?

Answer 12

limit inversion/eversion; can do plantar/dorsal

Question 13

What are the indications of massage?

Answer 13

superficial adhesions
circulatory stasis
congestion
edema and joint swelling
myalgia/trigger points
tension headache
postexertion fatigue and stiffness

Question 14

what are the contraindications of massage?

Answer 14

Arteriosclerosis
thrombosis/embolism
severe varicosities
acute phlebitis
cellulitis
synovitis
abscesses and skin infections
acute inflammatory conditions

Question 15

While using effleurage, what is the technique, treatment area, and what is it used for?

Answer 15

technique: long strokes parallel to muscle fibers
treatment area: anywhere
used for: muscle relaxation and pain relief

Question 16

While using petrissage, what is the technique, treatment area, and what is it used for?

Answer 16

technique: kneading, squeezing, pinching, or rolling the muscle
treatment area: anywhere
used for: muscle relaxation and pain relief

Question 17

While using tapotement, what is the technique, treatment area, and what is it best used for?

Answer 17

technique: percussion of the tissue
treatment area: anywhere especially over lungs with patient prone
used to: loosen congestion

Question 18

While using cross-friction massage, what is the technique, treatment area, and what is it used for?

Answer 18

technique: use thumbs perpendicular to tendon for 10 minutes or until numb
treatment area: tendon and ligaments (chronic tendinosis)
used to: help break adhesions and scar tissue

Question 19

When using trigger point therapy (ischemic compression), what is the technique and treatment area? how long do you hold a trigger point?

Answer 19

technique: decrease spasm or hyperirritable muscle points
treatment area: individual trigger points
how long to hold a trigger point: 7-10 seconds

Question 20

When using mechanical percussion (thumper), what is the technique, treatment area, and treatment time?

Answer 20

technique: muscle relaxation
treatment area: anywhere
treatment time: 5-15 minutes

Question 21

When using mechanical vibration (G5), what is the technique, treatment area, and treatment time?

Answer 21

technique: muscle relaxation
treatment area: anywhere
treatment time: 5-15 minutes

Question 22

What are the indications of traction?

Answer 22

disc protrusion/herniation
nerve root impingement
joint hypomobility
arthritis conditions of facet joints

Question 23

What are contraindications to traction?

Answer 23

infection, inflammation, tumor
fracture dislocation
hypermobility/instability
severe disc herniation
vertebral artery insufficiency/dysfunction (cervical only)
spinal stenosis
osteoporosis
aortic aneurysm
abdominal hernia
hypertension (uncontrolled)
pregnancy (lumbar only)

Question 24

What are the precautions to traction?

Answer 24

pain exacerbation
history of spinal surgery
spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis
hypertension and respiratory disorders
dentures (cervical pulley only)
TMD (cervical pulley only)

Question 25

While doing manual cervical traction, what is the clinical goal, body region, and description of it?

Answer 25

clinical goal: loosen ligaments, stretch/relax muscles
body region: cervical spine
description: patient supine, cup occiput with both hands, stay between neutral and 30 degrees flex, 10-30% of body weight

Question 26

While using manual extremity traction and mobilization, what is the clinical goal and body region?

Answer 26

clinical goal: stimulate synovial fluid, stretch joint capsule
body region: extremities

Question 27

What is the clinical goal of crutches?

Answer 27

complete or partial non-weight bearing on injured extremity