Flashcards in Systems Path I - Neuro PPT 2 Deck (56)
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1
inflammatory response and the majority of the organisms reside in the CSF
leptomeningitis
2
parenchymal infection that is usually bacterial or fungal
cerebritis
3
parenchymal infection, but the term usually refers to viral infections with necrosis, perivascular lymphocytic cuffing and microglial nodules
encephalitis
4
have many polymorph nuclear leukocytes within a necrotic core surrounded by granulation tissue
abscesses
5
what does TORCH stand for
infection of a a developing fetus or newborn
T - toxoplasmosis
O - other agents
R - rubella (measles)
C - cytomegalovirus
H - herpes simplex
6
most common source of meningitis
hematogenous - from abscess, heart valve, lung infection
7
bacterial meningitis causes
polymorpho nuclear responses
8
viral meningitis causes
lymphocytic responses
9
fungi and mycobacterial meningitis causes
granulomatous reactions
10
meningitis that peak incidence is in children (6 months to 5 years) caused by H influenzae
bacterial
11
acute pyogenic meningitis is usually _____ and infiltrates in the walls off arteries and veins
bacterial
12
CSF findings in meningitis
high neutrophils
decreased glucose
increased protein
13
what is the most common bacterial organism causing neonatal meningitis
e coli, group B streptococci
14
chronic basilar meningitis may block CSF flow through the foramina of Magendie and Luschka, leading to hydrocephalus, headache, nausea and vomiting
tuberculous meningitis
15
most common disease of the CNS (mostly of children and young adults)
viral meningitis (lymphocytic or aseptic meningitis)
16
inflammation of gray matter of the spinal cord, due to infection by poliovirus
poliomyelitis
17
transmitted to human via saliva by bite, results in difficulty swallowing and a tendency to aspirate fluids that leads to hydrophobia
rabies
18
encephalitis localizes mainly in one or both temporal lobes which become swollen and hemorrhagic and necrotic
herpes virus
19
childhood chicken pox
herpes zoster
20
reactivated herpes zoster
shingles
21
chronic, lethal, viral infection of the brain caused by measles virus; mainly in childhood
sub-acute sclerosing-pan-encephalitis
22
virus responsible for progressive multifocal leukoecencephalopathy
JC virus (john cunningham virus)
23
seen in patients with associated immune suppression or chronic disease (lymphoma, AIDS); presence of giant bizarre astrocytes and oligodendrocyte nuclear inclusion
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
24
rapidly progressive ataxia and dementia, finding of spongiform encephalopathy, included in CJD, long incubation period
prion disease
25
patient 50-70 yo, severe dementia, early stage CJD, personality changes, and impaired judgment
prions disease
26
meningo vascular inflammation leading to pachy meningitis and strokes caused by obliterative endarteritis
neurosyphilis
27
neurosyphilis: infiltration of meninges and vessels by lymphocytes and plasma cells leading to thickening of meninges
meningovasculitis
28
neurosyphilis: atrophy, loss of cortical neurons in frontal lobes, proliferation of microglial cells
general paresis
29
neurosyphilis: inflammation lesions involving meninges and vessels in subarachnoid space of dorsal nerve roots
tabes dorsalis (posterior column degneration)
30
