Taste & Olfaction Flashcards Preview

Neuroanatomy > Taste & Olfaction > Flashcards

Flashcards in Taste & Olfaction Deck (31)
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1
Q

the 3 cranial nerves for taste all synapse where?

A

nucleus solitarius in the pons

2
Q

the 3 cranial nerves for taste all relay in what part of the thalamus?

A

VPM of thalamus (ventral posterior medial thalamic nucleus)

3
Q

the 3 cranial nerves for taste all ascend the brainstem via the________

A

central tegmental tract

4
Q

the 3 cranial nerves for taste all leave the thalamus and go the the cortex via the __________

A

genu of the internal capsule

5
Q

the final destination of all of the 3 cranial nerves for taste is the ____________

A

gustatory cortex and insula

6
Q

what type of cells are taste buds?

A

modified epithelial cells

7
Q

where do you taste salty food?

A

there is not specific region for salty or any type of foods. There are specific channels everywhere for types of tastes

8
Q

what happens when you salt a sour apple?

A

its sweet b/c is blocks the other pathways

9
Q

what is the lifespan of tastebuds?

A

10-14 days- fast turnover

10
Q

ganglia of the facial nerve CN 7 for taste is the

A

geniculate ganglia (cell bodies)

11
Q

ganglia of the glossopharyngeal nerve CN 9 for taste is the

A

petrosal ganglia (cell bodies)

12
Q

ganglia of the Vagus nerve CN 10 for taste is the

A

nodose ganglia (cell bodies)

13
Q

which of the cranial nerves of the tongue reaches the cortex first?

A

CN 7 from the front of the tongue goes to the nucleus solitarius then to the VPM of the thalamus to the cortex first. this is to taste if food is bad or not.

14
Q

what does CN 7 innervate in the oral cavity

A

anterior 2/3 tongue

soft palate

15
Q

what does CN 9 innervate?

A

posterior 2/3 tongue
tonsils
oral pharynx
middle ear

16
Q

what does CN X innervate?

A

epiglotis
base of tongue
areyepiglotic fold
upper larynx

17
Q

what is located in the rostal nucleus solitarius?

A

taste

18
Q

what is located in the medial nucleus solitarius?

A

cardio-respiratory

19
Q

function of the insula?

A

sense of well being

-hunger, pain, craving, deep emotion, speech planning

20
Q

what can a stroke to the left insula affect?

A
  1. loose addiction to smoking
  2. anorexia - do not experience pleasure in eating sugars
    - this only occurs in the left insula
21
Q

what are the 5 major targets of olfaction

A
  1. anterior olfactory nucleus
  2. olfactory tubercle
  3. amygdala
  4. piriform cortex
  5. entorhinal cortex
22
Q

where do all of the neurons split to different destinations in the olfactory tract?

A

olfactory trigone

23
Q

2 divisions of the olfactory trigone?

A
  1. medial olfactory tract

2. lateral olfactory tract

24
Q

is olfaction ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral?

A

bilateral

25
Q

what type of neurons are located in the nasal cavity?

A

primary neurons - outside blood brain barrier = danger

26
Q

neurons in the nasal cavity are covered in _______

A

mucins

27
Q

where do the primary neurons send signals to?

A

glomeruli

28
Q

True or False - there are cell bodies located in the glomeruli?

A

False- no cell bodies in the glomeruli. Just a connection of processes w other processes

29
Q

how are glomeruli organized?

A

organized by specific odors. ex sulfur smells go to the same glomeruli

30
Q

what are the cell layers of the olfactory epithelium?

A
  1. tufted cell (outer) - encounter 1st
  2. mitral cell
  3. granular cell (inner)
31
Q

what system can detect pheromones?

A

vomeronasal system