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Flashcards in Tendon Growth & Repair Deck (12)
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1
Q

Describe the structure of a tendon

A

Longitudinal tenocytes & Type 1 collagen fibres

  • Collagen bundle covered by endotendon
  • Fascicle covered by paratendon
  • Tendon covered by epitendon
2
Q

Which layer of a tendon are blood vessels found in ?

A

Paratendon wrapped around the fascicles

3
Q

What’s found in a tendon sheath?

A

Vincula which connect to the tendon

Synovial lining & fluid for lubrication/nutrition

4
Q

What happens to tendons if you’re immobile?>

A

Lose water content and glycosaminoglycan conc –> strength loss

5
Q

What are some major types of tendon injury and an example

A
  • Degeneration e.g. Intrasubstance mucoid degeneration of Achilles
  • Inflammation e.g. De Quervains Stenosing Tenovaginitis in thumb
  • Enthesiopathy e.g. Tennis elbow
  • Avulsion: failure at insertion.
  • Traction Apophysitis e.g. Osgood Schlatter’s
  • Rupture e.g. common in achilles
  • Laceration e.g. finger flexors
6
Q

How could you treat an avulsion?

A

Conservative

Mostly operative:

  • Reattach tendon
  • Fixation of bone fragment
7
Q

How do you confirm a ruptured achilles?

A

+ve Simmond’s Squeeze test

Palpable tender gap

8
Q

How can you treat a ruptured tendon conservatively

A

If the ends can be opposed:

  • Mobilize (partial)
  • Splint/cast (full)
9
Q

When would you treat a ruptured tendon surgically?

A
  • Ends can’t be opposed
  • High risk of rerupture
  • High activity (e.g. sportsmen)
10
Q

what causes an avulsion?

A

When the exceeding strength whilst muscle is contracting

11
Q

What causes an intrasubstance rupture?

A
  • Pushing off weight bearing forefoot with extended knee joint
  • Unexpected dorsiflexion of ankle
  • Violent dorsiflexion of PLATAR FLEXED foot e.g. fall from height.
12
Q

What is An enthesiopathy?

A

Inflammation at the point of attachment of the tendon to the bone/joint.