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Flashcards in Test3 Deck (59)
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1
Q

What is the g1 phase

A

RNA and protein synthesis

2
Q

What is S phase

A

DNA duplicates

3
Q

What is in g2 phase

A

More RNA and protein synthesis

4
Q

What is mitosis

A

Process by which we produce two identical cells to the parent cell; used for growth and injury repair.

5
Q

What hAppens in prophase

A
Chromatin condenses 
Each chromosomes and it's copy is joined 
Nuclear membrane disintegrates 
Nucleolus disintegrates 
Centrioles move to opposite poles
6
Q

What is in interphase

A

G1
S
G2

7
Q

What are each chromosomes and copy called

A

Sister chromatids or dyads

8
Q

What happens in metaphase

A

Dyads or sister chromatids line up at cell equator

9
Q

What happens in anaphase

A

Dyads separates making daughter chromosomes

Move to opposite poles pulled by spindle fibers

10
Q

What happens in telophase

A

Daughter chromosomes uncondense
Nuclear membrane and Nucleolus reform
Spindle fibers disappear

11
Q

What is karyokinesis

A

Division of Nucleolus has occurred

12
Q

What is cytokines

A

Division of the cytoplasm

13
Q

In animal this happens by pinching off

A

Cleavage furrow

14
Q

What is the difference in animal and plant cells

A

Because plants have rigid cell wall

15
Q

If there is no asters or centrioles

A

Have mitosis organizing region instead

16
Q

What is kinetochore

A

Proteinaceous hook

17
Q

What is the blastula

A

Occurs in the early stage of embryonic development of animal and appears as a ball of cells

18
Q

What is the meristematic

A

Plant cell growth occurs here

19
Q

Where is the meristematic regions

A

Located at the tip of stem and roots

Region of active division

20
Q

Where is the region of elongation

A

Root tip

21
Q

What are genes

A

Located on chromosomes carry information relating to genetic traits

22
Q

What are allels

A

Copies of the gene for a specific trait can be same or different

23
Q

What are Punnet squares

A

Used to predicts outcome of genetic crosses

24
Q

What is genotype

A

Genetic expression of a trait

TT Tt tt

25
Q

What is phenotype

A

Physical expression of a trait

Curly straight tail

26
Q

Does the phenotype reveal the genotype

A

No

27
Q

What is heterozygous

A

Alleles are different from each other encode for diff phenotype

28
Q

What is homozygous

A

Both alleles are the same encode for same phenotype

29
Q

What is the total possible gene combos for genotype

A

TT:Tt:tt
1:2:1

30
Q

What is the total possible gene combos for phenotype

A

Curly: straight 3:1

31
Q

What is in the integumentary system

A

Skin

Protection and to prevent water loss

32
Q

What is in the cardiovascular system

A

Heart and blood vessels

Transport

33
Q

What is in the endocrine system

A

Thyroid ovary and testies pancrease

Long term control regulation in body

34
Q

What is in the Immune system

A

Thyroid

Keeps you from getting sick

35
Q

What is the respiratory system

A

Lungs gas exchange

36
Q

What is in the urinary system

A

Bladder kidney

Removes waste

37
Q

What is in the reproductive system

A

Ovaries testies

Reproduction

38
Q

What is in the digestive system

A

Pancrease liver gallbladder stomach intestine

Obsorbs nutrients

39
Q

What is the nervous system

A

Brain and nerves

Rapid control of body body functions

40
Q

What is the skeletal system

A

Bones

support and protection

41
Q

What is in the lymphatic system

A

Spleen lymph nodes

Help with immune function

42
Q

What is in the muscular system

A

Muscles

Used for movement

43
Q

How much Salivia do we produce a day

A

One liter

44
Q

How much sperm does men produce over a lifetime

A

14 gallons

45
Q

What is the longest bone

A

Femur

46
Q

What is the shortest bone

A

Sturrip

47
Q

What is the strongest muscle

A

Massater

48
Q

Only bone not connected

A

Hyoid bone

49
Q

What is elephantiasis

A

Extensive swelling in lymphatic system

50
Q

What does DNA do

A

Controls activity of the cell and hereditary material passes to progeny cells

51
Q

What must the nuclear envelope and cell membrane be to free cellular and nuclear components

A

Lysed

52
Q

Cells contain many proteins capable of destroying DNA and therefor must be what

A

Degraded

53
Q

What does the solution have to be in order to be visualized

A

Precipitate

54
Q

What is the meat tenderizer used for

A

Papain

Cellular enzyme inhibition

55
Q

What does liquid soap do

A

Disrupts lipids in phospholipid membrane

Cell lysis

56
Q

What does alcohol do to DNA

A

It is DNA precipitation and is insoluble in alcohol

57
Q

What must break open cell and nuclear membrane

A

Liquid soap

58
Q

What must break down protein so DNA is unharmed

A

Meat tenderizer

59
Q

What DNA soluble in water so must be precipitated to be visible

A

Alcohol