Testing joints of the lower limb and their movement Flashcards Preview

Y2 OSPE Core skills > Testing joints of the lower limb and their movement > Flashcards

Flashcards in Testing joints of the lower limb and their movement Deck (21)
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1
Q

What movements are possible at the hip joint?

A
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction
2
Q

What movements are possible at the knee joint?

A

Flexion
Extension
Limited rotation

3
Q

What movements are possible at the ankle joint?

A

Dorsiflexion

Plantar flexion

4
Q

What movements are possible at the talo-calcaneo-navicular joints?

A

Inversion and eversion of the foot.

5
Q

How is flexion of the hip joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the standing patient to raise each leg forward in front of them, keeping it completely straight.
L2 and L3.

6
Q

How is extension of the hip joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the standing patient to raise each leg behind them, keeping it completely straight.
L4 and L5.

7
Q

How is extension at the knee joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the patient to completely straighten each knee from a flexed (bent) position.
L3 and L4.

8
Q

How is flexion at the knee joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the patient to bend each knee.

L5 and S1.

9
Q

How is dorsiflexion of the ankle joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the patient to point their toes towards the ceiling.

L4 and L5.

10
Q

How is plantar flexion of the ankle joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the patient to point their toes away from them as if on tip-toes.
S1 and S2.

11
Q

How is abduction of the hip joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the standing patient to raise each leg out to their side while keeping it straight.
L5 and S1.

12
Q

How is adduction of the hip joint tested, and what are the spinal nerve roots involved?

A

Ask the patient to bring each leg in towards the midline from abduction (out to the side) while keeping it straight.
L1-4.

13
Q

What is circumduction of the lower limb at the hip joint?

A

A combination of flexion/extension and abduction/adduction so that the distal part moves in a circle.

14
Q

What is eversion of the foot at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints?

A

Moving the sole of the foot away from the median plane, i.e. facing laterally.

15
Q

What is inversion of the foot at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints?

A

Moving the sole of the foot towards the median plane, i.e. facing medially.

16
Q

What is flexion?

A

Bending or decreasing the angle between bones or parts of the body.

17
Q

What is extension?

A

Straightening or increasing the angle between bone or parts of the body.

18
Q

What is abduction?

A

Moving the distal part away from the midline in the coronal plane.

19
Q

What is adduction?

A

Moving the distal part towards the midline in the coronal plane.

20
Q

What is internal rotation?

A

Bringing the anterior surface of a body part closer to the midline.

21
Q

What is external rotation?

A

Taking the anterior surface of a body part away from the midline.