Textbook - Chapter 9: Population Growth Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Textbook - Chapter 9: Population Growth Deck (20)
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1
Q

Allee effect

A

Reduction in reproduction or survival under low population densities

2
Q

Age-specific mortality rate

A

The proportion of deaths occurring per unit time in each age group within a population

3
Q

Age-specific birth rate

A

Average number of offspring produced per individual per unit time as a function of age class

4
Q

Age distribution

A

The proportion of individuals in various age classes for any one year.

5
Q

Cohort

A

A group of individuals of the same age

6
Q

Crude birthrate

A

The number of young produced per unit of population

7
Q

Demographic stochasticity

A

Random variations in birth and death rates that occur in a population from year to year

8
Q

Dynamic composite life table

A

Pooled cohort of individuals born over several tie periods instead of just one

9
Q

Dynamic life table

A

Fate of a group of individuals born at the same time and followed from birth to death

10
Q

Environmental stochasticity

A

Random variations in the environment that directly affect birth and death rates

11
Q

Exponential population growth (r)

A

Instaneous rate of population growth, expressed as proportional increase per unit of time

12
Q

Fecundity table

A

Shows the number of offspring produced per unit time; constructed by using the survivorship column from the life table and the age-specific birthrates; the mean number of females born in each age group of females

13
Q

Finite multiplication rate

A

Expressed as lambda, the geometric rate of increase by discrete time intervals; given a stable age distribution, lambda can be used as a multiplier to project population size

14
Q

Geometric population

A

Growth patterns of population growth described over discrete time intervals

15
Q

Gross reproductive rates

A

Sum of the mean number of females born to each female age group

16
Q

Life table

A

Tabulation of mortality and survivorship of a population; static, time-specific, or vertical life tables are based on a cross section of a population at a given time; dynamic, cohort or horizontal life tables are based on a cohort followed throughout life.

17
Q

Net reproductive rate

A

Average number of female offspring produced by an average female during her lifetime

18
Q

Population projection rate

A

Chart of growth of a population developed by calculating the births and mortality of each age group over time

19
Q

Stable age distribution

A

Constant proportion of individuals of various age classes in a population through population changes

20
Q

Time-specific life table

A

A population sampled in some manner to obtain the distribution of age classes during a single time period