The cerebellum and motor learning

Question 1

Role of the cerebellum

Answer 1

Maintenance of balance and posture

Coordination of voluntary movements

Motor learning

Cognitive functions

Question 2

Functional subdivisions of the cerebellum

Answer 2

Vestibulocerebellum

Spinocerebellum

Cerebrocerebellum

Question 3

Lobar anatomy of the cerebellum

Answer 3

Vermis is innermost (fastigial nucleus)

Paravermal is middle section (interposed nucleus)

Hemispheres are outer section (dentate nucleus)

Question 4

Fastigial output

Answer 4

Medial descending systems

Motor execution

Question 5

Interposed output

Answer 5

Lateral descending systems

Motor execution

Question 6

Denate ouptut

Answer 6

Areas 4 and 6

Motor planning

Question 7

Vestibular nuclei

Answer 7

Balance and eye movements

Question 8

Function of spinocerebellum

Answer 8

Control of muscle tone/ posture

Question 9

Dysmetria

Answer 9

Movement is not stopped in time

Question 10

Dysnergia

Answer 10

Decomposition of complex movements

Question 11

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 11

Reduced ability to perform rapidly altering movements

Question 12

Intentional tremor

Answer 12

Tremor arising when trying to perform goal directed movement

Question 13

Dysarthria

Answer 13

Articulation incoordination in respiratory muscles

Uneven speech strength and velocity

Question 14

Nystagmus

Answer 14

Involuntary, rhythmical, repeated oscillations of one or both eyes in any or all directions of view

Movement minimises ability to focus the eyes on one point

Effect of lesion to vestibulocerebllar pathway

Question 15

Gait ataxia

Answer 15

Unsteadiness of ealking

Effect of lesion in spinocerebllar pathway

Question 16

Hypotonia

Answer 16

Disturbance of limb posture

Effect of lesion in spinocerebllar pathway

Question 17

Mossy fibres

Answer 17

Inputs from spinal cord and brainstem

Question 18

Climbing fibres

Answer 18

Inputs from inferior olivary nucleus