The Fetal Genitourinary System Vocabulary Flashcards Preview

ARDMS- OB/GYN Exam Prep > The Fetal Genitourinary System Vocabulary > Flashcards

Flashcards in The Fetal Genitourinary System Vocabulary Deck (44)
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1
Q

A membrane that is present during early embryonic development that contributes to urinary bladder formation and development

A

Allantois

2
Q

A birth defect in which the sex of the fetus cannot be determined

A

Ambiguous Genitalia

3
Q

A way in which a disorder or trait can be inherited by a fetus; at least one of the parents has to be the carrier of the gene for the disease

A

Autosomal Dominant

4
Q

An inherited disease that results in the development of renal, liver, and pancreatic cysts later on in life; also referred to as adult polycystic kidney disease

A

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

5
Q

A way in which a disorder or trait can be inherited by a fetus; both parents must be carriers of the gene for the disease

A

Autosomal Recessive

6
Q

An inherited renal disease that results in bilateral enlargement of the fetal kidneys and microscopic renal cysts; also referred to as infantile polycystic kidney disease

A

Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease

7
Q

A birth defect in which the bladder is located outside of the abdomen

A

Bladder Exstrophy

8
Q

Dilation of the calices

A

Caliectasis

9
Q

Enlargement of the clitoris

A

Clitoromegaly

10
Q

The embryonic structure that develops into the normal rectum and urogenital sinus

A

Cloaca

11
Q

Birth defect consisting of omphalocele, bladder exstrophy, imperforate anus, and spina bifida; also referred to as OEIS complex

A

Cloacal Exstrophy

12
Q

Enlargement of an organ secondary to an increased workload; often seen when part of the has been destroyed or when there is an absence or decreased function of paired organs

A

Compensatory Hypertrophy

13
Q

The attachment of the lower poles of the kidneys by a band of renal tissue that crosses the midline of the abdomen

A

Horseshoe Kidneys

14
Q

A fluid collection within the scrotum between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis

A

Hydrocele

15
Q

The dilation of the renal collecting system resulting from the obstruction of the flow of urine from the kidneys to the bladder

A

Hydronephrosis

16
Q

Distention of the ureter with fluid because of an obstruction

A

Hydroureter

17
Q

Abnormal ventral curvature of the penis as a result of a shortened urethra that exits on the ventral penile shaft

A

Hypospadias

18
Q

The sonographic appearance of a dilated fetal bladder and urethra in the presence of bladder outlet obstruction

A

“Keyhole” Sign

19
Q

The sonographic appearance of the adrenal gland in a parallel position within the abdomen as a result of renal agenesis

A

“Lying down” Sign

20
Q

Fetal syndrome associated with microcephaly, occipital encephalocele, polydactyly, and polycystic kidneys

A

Meckel-Gruber Syndrome

21
Q

An abnormally enlarged urinary bladder

A

Megacystitis

22
Q

An enlarged ureter; can be congenital or acquired

A

Megaureter

23
Q

The most common solid fetal renal mass

A

Mesoblastic Nephroma

24
Q

An abnormally small penis

A

Micropenis

25
Q

A fetal renal disease thought to be caused by an early renal obstruction; leads to the development of multiple noncommunicating cysts of varying sizes in the renal fossa

A

Multicystic Displastic Kidney Disease

26
Q

Malignant tumor that can occur within the adrenal gland anywhere within the sympathetic nervous system

A

Neuroblastoma

27
Q

A fetal disorder caused by an early renal obstruction; leads to small and echogenic kidneys that have cysts located along their margins

A

Obstructive Cystic Dysplasia

28
Q

Dilation of the renal pelvis; may also be referred to as pyelectasis

A

Pelviectasis

29
Q

The region between the external genitalia and the anus

A

Perineum

30
Q

Irregular thin membranes of tissue located within the male posterior urethra that does not allow urine to exit the urethra

A

Posterior Urethral Valves

31
Q

Facial features seen with severe oligohydroamnios, including low set ears, flattened nose wrinkled skin, and micrognathia

A

Potter Facies

32
Q

Physical features of a fetus as a result of oligohydroamnios; characterized by bilateral renal agenesis, abnormal facies, pulmonary hypoplasia, and limb abnormalities; also referred to a Potter sequence

A

Potter Syndrome

33
Q

Syndrome that is a consequence of the abdominal wall musculature being stretched by the extremely enlarged urinary bladder

A

Prune Belly Syndrome

34
Q

Underdevelopment of the lungs

A

Pulmonary Hypoplasia

35
Q

Failure of the kidney to develop; may be unilateral or bilateral

A

Renal Agenesis

36
Q

The part of the collecting system that encompasses the apex of the renal pyramids

A

Renal Calices

37
Q

Refers to an abnormal location of the kidneys

A

Renal Ectopia

38
Q

The region where the kidney is located the abdomen

A

Renal Fossa

39
Q

Measurement of the fetal renal pelvis; this dimension is obtained from the transverse kidney plane

A

Renal Pelvic Diameter

40
Q

Canal connecting the fetal bladder with the allantois; normally closes during fetal development and becomes a fibrous cord

A

Urachus

41
Q

An abnormailty in which the distal ureter projects into the urinary bladder

A

Ureterocele

42
Q

An obstruction located in the region where the ureter meets the renal pelvis

A

Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

43
Q

An obstruction located in the region where the ureter meets the bladder

A

Ureterovesicular Junction Obstruction

44
Q

The congenital absence of the urethra

A

Urethral Atresia