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MS3 - Neurology > TIA > Flashcards

Flashcards in TIA Deck (8)
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1
Q

Definition of TIA?

A
  • Sudden onset focal neurology lasting <24h due to temporary occlusion of part of the cerebral circulation.
  • ~15% of 1st strokes are preceded by TIAs.
2
Q

Causes of TIA?

A

I. Atherothromboembolism from carotids (MAINLY)
II. Cardioembolism: post-MI, AF, valve disease
III. Hyperviscosity: polycythaemia, SCD, myeloma

3
Q

Investigations for TIA?

A
  • Aim to find cause and define vascular risk
    I. Bloods: FBC, U&E, ESR glucose, lipids
    II. CXR
    III. ECG
    IV. Echo
    V. Carotid doppler ± angiography
    VI. Consider Diffusion weighted MRI
4
Q

Timing of management of TIA and risk of another stroke?

A
  • Intervention w/i 72hrs → 2% strokes @ 90d

- Intervention w/i 3wks → 10% strokes @ 90d

5
Q

Management of TIA?

A

ACAS

  1. Antiplatelet/coagulate:
    - aspirin/clop 300mg/d for 2 wks, then 75mg/d
    - or warfarin if AF, MI
  2. Cadiac RFs control
  3. Assess risk of future stroke (ABCD2 score)
  4. specialist referral
    - ABCD2 ≥4: w/i 24hrs
    - ABCD2 <4: w/i 1wk
6
Q

Prognosis for TIA patients?

A

3x ↑ in mortality cf TIA-free populations

7
Q

ABCD2 score components

A
Predicts stroke risk following TIA
1. Age≥60
2. BP ≥ 140/90
3. Clinical features
a. Unilateral weakness (2 points)
b. Speech disturbance w/o weakness
4. Duration
a. ≥ 1h (2 points)
b. 10-59min
5. DM
Max score: 7
8
Q

What is ABCD2 score used for?

A
  • Predicts stroke risk following TIA

- Score ≥6 = 8% risk w/i 2d, 35% risk w/i 1wk