Topic 13: Organs of the immune system, Natural immunity; The complement system Flashcards Preview

Physiology - essay 1-16 > Topic 13: Organs of the immune system, Natural immunity; The complement system > Flashcards

Flashcards in Topic 13: Organs of the immune system, Natural immunity; The complement system Deck (9)
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1
Q

What should be mentioned in this topic?

A
  • Organs of the immune system
  • Natural immunity
  • The complement system
2
Q

Organs of the immune system

A

Primary (central) and Secondary(peripheral)

Primary (central)
•Thymus
•Bursa (B-equivalents): Embryonic liver Bone marrow

Secondary(peripheral)
•Lymph nodes
•Spleen
•MALT Mucosa Associated LymphTissue 
•GALT Gut Associated LymphTissue
3
Q

Natural immunity:

A

Non-specific, less effective, immediately acting response

  • Main molecular components
  • Main cellular components
  • Functional characteristics
  • Humoral factors:
4
Q

Natural immunity:

Main molecular components

A
  • Complement factors and their receptors
  • Heat shock proteins
  • Fc receptors
  • Inflammatory cytokines, histamine,
5
Q

Natural immunity:

Main cellular components

A
  • Macrophages
  • Natural killer cells
  • Granulocytes
  • Dendritic cells
6
Q

Natural immunity:

Functional characteristics

A
  • None antigen specific
  • No immunological memory
  • Rapid reactivity
  • Linear amplification of the reaction
7
Q

Natural immunity:

Humoral factors

A
  • Complement system
  • Lysosin
  • C-reactive protein
  • Interferon – proteins released from virus-infected cell that inhibits viral replication
8
Q

The complement system:

Activation of cascade

A

The cascade is activated in three ways:

  • Classic adaptive pathway
    - Known antigen-antibody complex
  • Natural hereditary alternative pathway:
    - unknown antigen appears
  • MBL:mannosebinding lectin
    - Binds oligosaccharides of certain virus/bacteria
9
Q

The complement system:

3 Funtions of the Complement

A

The 3 Funtions of the Complement
1. Complement has an intrinsic ability to LYSE bacterial membrane.
2. Complement initiates CHEMOTAXIS, Complement-factors attract phagocytes to the site of
the reaction.
3. Stimulate OPSONIZATION, facilitating bacterial phagocytosis (resulting in Inflammation)