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Supp Neuro 3 > Trachte drugs > Flashcards

Trachte drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Sympathetic: ___?___- contract pupillary dilator muscle (? receptor)

A

mydriasis

a1

normally norepinephrine

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2
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic? Contract superior tarsal muscle to hold eyelid open. Receptor?

A

Sympathetic

a1

normally norepinephrine

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3
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic?: relax ciliary muscle for distant vision. Receptor? NT?

A

sympathetic

B2

epinephrine???

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4
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic? : Enhances aqueous humor formation via Beta receptor.

A

Sympathetic

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5
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic?: Inhibits aqueous humor formation via alpha2 receptor.

A

sympathetic

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6
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic?: focuses eye for near vision (ciliary muscle contraction). Receptor?

A

Parasympathetic

muscarinic

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7
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic? constricts pupil (miosis)-(pupillary sphincter contraction)-

receptor??

A

parasympathetic

muscarinic

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8
Q

Sympathetic or parasympathetic? Enhances drainage of aqueous humor (trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm). Recptor?

A

Parasympathetic

muscarinic

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9
Q

a1 adrenergic stimulant

used to dilate pupil

reverses ptosis in Horner’s syndrome

A

Phenylephrine (mydrifin)

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10
Q

a1 adrenergic stimulant

increases aqueous humor outflow and increase its production

A

epinephrine (epitrate)

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11
Q

used to dilate pupil to see if sympathetic innervation is in tact

prevent the reuptake of norepinephrine by blocking axoplasmic pumps

A

cocaine

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12
Q

reverses axoplasmic pump to push more norepinephrine out of the cell

used to dilate pupil to asses normal POST ganglionic nerve

A

amphetamine

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13
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist

A

atropine

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14
Q

where are the muscarinic receptors in the eye (3 places)?

A

ciliary muscle contraction (zonules relax, lens fat, near vision focus)

pupilary sphincter contraction (constrict pupils)

trabecular network and canal of Schlemm drainage

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15
Q

Muscarinic agonist to see if parasympathetic nerves are working:

A

Pilocarpine

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16
Q

Two drugs preventing acetylcholine degradation:

A

Phisostigmine

Echothiophate

17
Q

Two a1 receptor antagonists: (inhibit sympathetic NS)

A

Terazosin

Resperine

18
Q

No pupilary response to cocaine means?

A

Horner syndrome–deficit of sympathetic nervous system

19
Q

No pupillary response to amphetamine means?

A

No post-ganglionic nerve activity

20
Q

Two things nicotine does:

A
  1. activates nicotinic receptors

2. activates parasympathetics to produce miosis (pupil constriction)

21
Q

What does atropine do?

A

Muscarinic receptor ANTAGONIST –>dliates pupil (mydriasis)

also paralyzes ciliary muscle so can’t accommodate near focusing

22
Q

What does pilocarpine do?

What is it used for?

A

muscarinic agonist (parasympathetic)

test for CN III palsy: if pupil constricts then problem is in nerve

if it doesn’t constrict then problem is in eye

23
Q

Physostigmine?

A

prevents Ach degradation

produces miosis

treats narrow angle glaucoma

24
Q

Ecothiophate?

A

prevents Ach degradation

produces miosis (pupil constriction)

used to treat narrow angle glaucoma

25
Q

Terazosin?

A

a1 receptor ANtagonist

produces miosis

not used to treat eye but can have occular side fx

26
Q

Reserpine?

A

norepinephrine depleting agent

produces miosis

27
Q

Timolol…and other -lols?

A

Beta blockers.

Treat glaucoma by decreasing aqueous humor formation

28
Q

How does pilocarpine treat glaucoma?

A

Muscarinic Agonist, enhances aqueous humor drainage via trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm

29
Q

How do physostigmine and ecothiophate treat glaucoma?

A

Anticholinesterases (pump up parasympathetics?) enhance aqueous humor drainage

30
Q

How do Apraclonidine and Brimonidine treat glaucoma?

A

a2 Agonists–>reduce aqueous humor formation

31
Q

How does epinephrine or dipevefrin treat glaucoma?

A

primarily increase aqueous humor outflow, but also suppress production

32
Q

What is the most common current treatment for glaucoma? How does is work?

A

Prostaglandin derivative Latanoprost

increases uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor

33
Q

Acetazolamide? Glaucoma treatment?

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

last option if nothing else works

Supp Neuro 3 (3 decks)

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