Unit 1: Apoptosis Flashcards Preview

CFE Advanced Higher Biology > Unit 1: Apoptosis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Unit 1: Apoptosis Deck (14)
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1
Q

Why would multicellular organisms what to regulate cell death?

A

To allow body structures to go properly and regulate sizes of cell populations. Also to stop cells from surviving where they shouldn’t be. To kill infected cells

2
Q

What are the two forms of cell death?

A

Apoptosis and Necrosis

3
Q

Programmed cell death is called?

A

Apoptosis

4
Q

Uncontrolled cell death is called?

A

Necrosis

5
Q

The mechanism of apoptosis: Stage 1, What type of proteins are activated?

A

Procaspases

6
Q

The mechanism of apoptosis: Stage 2, After procaspases have been activated what happens?

A

Caspase activation cascade

7
Q

Caspases are proteinases meaning they?

A

cleave key cell proteins

8
Q

Therefore caspases cause inactive DNAse to become?

A

Active DNAse

9
Q

Therefore caspases cause inactive Nuclear Lamins to become?

A

Fragment nuclear lamins

10
Q

Therefore caspases cause inactive Gelsolin to become?

A

Actin-digesting enzyme

11
Q

Capsize activity results in the controlled destruction of what?

A

The cell

12
Q

Initiation of apoptosis: What type of proteins cause initiator procaspases to cluster together?

A

Adaptor proteins

13
Q

Initiation of apoptosis: Clustering of procaspases together induces a what?

A

Conformational change which activates the procaspases

14
Q

Intracellular death signals: Stage 1, Mitochondria is damaged which causes what to be released?

A

Cytochrome C protein