Unit 2 - KA2 - Cellular Respiration Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit 2 - KA2 - Cellular Respiration Deck (27)
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1
Q

Produced by the breakdown of pyruvate

A

Acetyl group

2
Q

A substrate that can be used for respiration instead of carbohydrate

A

Protein or Fat -

Alternative Respiratory Substances

3
Q

High energy compound used for energy transfer in cells

A

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

4
Q

The chemical reaction which causes the release of energy from a respiratory substrate

A

Cellular Respiration

5
Q

The first substance produced in the citric acid cycle

A

Citrate

6
Q

Second stage of aerobic respiration, takes place in the central matrix of the mitochondria.

A

Citric Acid Cycle

7
Q

A substance that carries an acetyl group into the citric acid cycle

A

Coenzyme A

8
Q

Removes hydrogen from its substrate, important in the citric acid cycle.

A

Dehydrogenase Enzymes

9
Q

Hydrogen carrier, important in the Citric Acid Cycle

A

NAD

10
Q

Occurs when there is no oxygen present/ in anaerobic conditions

A

Fermentation

11
Q

The first stage of cellular respiration, takes place in the cytoplasm

A

Glycolysis

12
Q

Electrons that can yield energy as they are passed through an electron transport chain.

A

High Energy Electrons

13
Q

A substance produced during a metabolic pathway, between the substrate and the end product

A

Intermediates

14
Q

Produced in animal cells when oxygen is absent

A

Lactate

15
Q

Substance that combines with the acetyl group in the citric acid cycle to form citrate

A

Oxaloacetate

16
Q

Used to phosphorylate ADP

A

Inorganic Phosphate (Pi)

17
Q

The addition of a phosphate group to a substance

A

Phosphorylation

18
Q

The end product of glycolysis

A

Pyruvate

19
Q

The substrate usually broken down during cellular respiration

A

Glucose

20
Q

The enzyme which catalyses the regeneration of ATP from ADP + Pi

A

ATP Synthase

21
Q

The stage of glycolysis where there is a regeneration of 4 ATP molecules

A

Pay off Stage

22
Q

The stage of glycolysis where 2 ATP molecules are broken down to release energy

A

Energy Investment Stage

23
Q

The final products of respiration in the absence of oxygen in plant and yeast cells

A

Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide

24
Q

The final hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain

A

Oxygen

25
Q

The final product formed when Hydrogen joins with the final acceptor in the electron transport chain.

A

Water

26
Q

Site of glycolysis (glucose -> acetyl)

A

cytoplasm

27
Q

Site of the Krebs Cycle

A

mitochondria