Unit 5 Lecture 39 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit 5 Lecture 39 Deck (26)
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1
Q

What controls the female repro cycle and from where?

A

hormones from hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and ovary

2
Q

What are the 2 monthly cycles that make up the female repro?

A
  1. ovarian cycle

2. uterine cycle

3
Q

Define ovarian cycle

A

changes in the ovary during and after maturation of the oocyte

4
Q

Define uterine cycle

A

preparation of the uterus to receive fertilized ovum, and if implantation does not occur, the stratum functionalism is shed

5
Q

What hormone is the ovarian cycle driven by?

A

GnRH - gonadotropin releasing hormone - from the hypothalamus

6
Q

What does GnRH stimulate in the anterior pituitary?

A

the release of FSH and LH

7
Q

What does FSH influence in the ovarian cycle?

A

follicular phase

8
Q

What does LH influence in the ovarian cycle?

A

part of follicular phase (including ovulation) and luteal phase

9
Q

What hormone does the follicular phase produce?

A

estrogen

10
Q

What follicle makes the most estrogen?

A

Graafian

11
Q

What does estrogen influence in the uterine cycle?

A

menstruation and proliferation

12
Q

What hormones do the luteal phase produce?

A

estrogen and progesterone

13
Q

What does estrogen and progesterone influence in the uterine cycle?

A

secretory phase

14
Q

What happens during the menstrual phase in the ovary and uterus?

A

ovary - follicles secrete estrogen and fluid fills antrum from granulosa cells

uterus - low levels of progesterone causes arteries and tissue to die –> stratum functionalis is shed

15
Q

What happens during the preovulation phase in the ovary and uterus?

A

ovary - (follicular phase) secretion of estrogen and inhibin slows secretion of FSH, graafian enlarges, and increasing estrogen triggers LH secretion

Uterus - (proliferation phase) increasing estrogen repairs strat. funct.

16
Q

At ow, moderate and high concentrations, what does estrogen do?

A

low - simulates release of GnRH only in the presence of progesterone

moderate - inhibits release of GnRH

high - stimulates release of GnRH

17
Q

What happens during the ovulation phase concerning hormones and the phases?

A
  1. high levels of estrogen from mature follicle stimulates more GnRH
  2. GnRH releases more LH and FSH
  3. LH influences ovulation
18
Q

What happens during the postovulatory phase in the ovary and uterus?

A

ovary - no fertilization: corpus albicans is formed, yes fertilization: embryo secretes hCG which keeps corpus luteum alive

uterus- no fertilization: menstrual phase starts, yes fertilization: corpus luteum’s hormones thicken endometrium

19
Q

Summary: what hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus and controls the female repro cycle?

A

GnRH

20
Q

What does GnRH stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete?

A

FSH and LH

21
Q

Function of FSH in the female repro cycle?

A

initiates growth of follicles that secrete estrogen

22
Q

Function of LH in the female repro cycle?

A

Stimualtes ovulation and promotes formation of the corpus luteum

23
Q

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

estrogen, progesterone AND relaxin and inhibin

24
Q

Function of progesterone

A

prepares uterus for implantation and the mammary glands for milk secretion

25
Q

Function of relaxin

A

facilitates implantation in the relaxed uterus

26
Q

Function of inhibin

A

inhibits the secretion of FSH