Unit 8: Section 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit 8: Section 2 Deck (23)
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1
Q

What is causing Global Warming?

A
  • The Greenhouse Effect - Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide that collects in the atmosphere, preventing the sun from getting out.
  • Natural Climate Change - Warmest periods in the last 10,000 years happened before humans produced cartoon footprints.
  • Solar Activity - The amount of radiation coming from the sun.
2
Q

What are the solutions to Global Warming?

A
  • Create electricity in ways that do not produce carbon dioxide, e.g. solar power.
  • Car manufacturers are using biodiesel and hydrogen to power cars without carbon emissions.
  • Increased use of public transport.
3
Q

What are the causes of pollution?

A
  • Acid Rain - Caused by high levels of carbon emissions, damaging buildings and forests.
  • Human Waste - Sewage can cause major health problems if not dealt with properly and damage life on land that relies on water.
  • Eutrophication - Caused by nitrates through fertilisers, and kills fish in streams/rivers.
  • Radioactive Pollution - Nuclear waste can cause death, cancers and having genetically mutated children.
4
Q

What are the solutions to pollution?

A
  • Acid Rain - Create electricity from wind/sun/tides.
  • Human Waste - Recycle, and use incinerators to produce electricity.
  • Eutrophication - Better sewage treatment, and reduce nitrates in farm fertilisers.
  • Radioactive Pollution - Some nuclear waste can be reprocessed so that 97% of the waste can be reused.
5
Q

Why can human use of finite resources cause major problems?

A
  • If the oil runs out, it would have a major effect on our lifestyles.
  • Everything from car panels to kitchen appliances are made from finite resources.
6
Q

What solutions can we give to using finite resources?

A
  • Use renewable resources to make electricity.
  • Recycling will enable the lifetime of many finite resources to be extended.
  • Scientists are working on using chemicals from plants to produce plastics.
  • Car manufacturers are looking at water and sugar cane to power cars.
7
Q

What are the Christian teachings on stewardship?

A
  • Christians were given the right to rule over the Earth by God in Genesis, but only as his stewards.
  • Christians must treat animals/land kindly out of respect for Gods creation.
  • Christians will be judged on wether they have been good stewards of Gods Earth.
  • Christians have a responsibility to leave the Earth a better place than they found it, based on Jesus’ teachings.
8
Q

What are the Muslim teachings on stewardship?

A
  • Muslims are Gods khalifas who have to look after the Earth for God how the Qur’an and the Shari’ah tells them too.
  • They will be judged by God on how they have looked after the Earth.
  • They should see this life as a test from God. A main part of this test is looking after the environment, and those who fail this test will be punished.
9
Q

How do beliefs about the environment effect the lives of Christians and Muslims?

A
  • They should try to reduce pollution.
  • They work to share the Earths resources and improve the standards of living in LIC’s.
  • Help the work of groups that try to reduce pollution, and conserve natural resources.
  • They should try to conserve animal and plant life.
10
Q

Why would some argue that following religious teaching on stewardship is futile?

A
  • Only government action can deal with waste disposal.
  • Religion might change peoples attitudes, but it won’t build wind farms.
  • Recycling has to be organised on an international basis, which is difficult to do by religion.
11
Q

Why are infertility treatments important?

A
  • 12.5% of couples in the UK have fertility problems.
  • In 2007, 12% of UK births were as a result of fertility treatments.
  • It is a part of human nature to want to raise a family, and if fertility treatments can help with this then they must be good.
  • Psychological problems can be caused if couples are desperate to have children but cannot. Infertility treatments can prevent these from becoming mental illness’.
12
Q

What problems are there with infertility treatments?

A
  • Expensive.
  • No guarantees it will work, or work first time.
  • Fertility drugs can cause uncomfortable side effects.
  • It places the individuals and their relationship under a lot of strain.
  • Using donor egg/sperm can be difficult for the infertile partner to come to terms with, and cause difficulty when bonding with a child who is not biologically theirs.
13
Q

What is the Roman Catholic view on infertility treatments?

A
  • Only use methods which do not effect the sanctity of life and in which sex is natural.
  • IVF involves fertilising several eggs and throwing some away, which is the same as abortion which is banned.
  • All forms of surrogacy involve the sin of male masturbation.
  • All forms of embryo technology separate fertilisation from sex, but God intended fertilisation to be a part of sex.
  • Not everyone has a right to children because God may want them to adopt or do something other than have children.
14
Q

What is the Protestant view on infertility treatments?

A
  • Allow IVF and AIH
  • One of the purposes of a Christian marriage is to have children.
  • The baby will be the biological child of the mother and father.
  • The discarded embryos are not foetuses so life is not being taken.
15
Q

What fertility treatments do Muslims accept? Why?

A
  • IVF and AIH
  • The sperm and egg are from the husband and wife.
  • All Muslims should have a family.
  • The unused embryos are not foetuses so life is not being taken.
16
Q

What fertility treatments don’t Muslims accept? Why?

A
  • Any other treatment except IVF and AIH
  • Deny’s a child their right to know their natural parents.
  • Egg/sperm donation is like adultery.
  • They are the same as adoption which is banned in Islam.
17
Q

Why is transplant surgery important?

A
  • It cures life threatening diseases and improves peoples lives (e.g. kidneys not working and giving sight to blind people).
  • Transplants save 3000+ lives per year.
  • More people need transplant surgery every year so they are essential.
  • Gives people a chance to help others after death, by using organs which would otherwise be burned/buried.
18
Q

What are the problems with transplant surgery?

A
  • Expensive, and only works for a small number of patients.
  • Donor organs are scarce, and a black market for organs has developed in some countries.
  • Rich people needing transplants will be tempted to buy from LIC’s.
  • It raises questions of when a person is actually dead.
  • Who gets the organ? The youngest person? The one who has waited the longest? The best tissue match?
19
Q

What do most Christians think about transplant surgery?

A
  • They agree with transplant surgery, but not with organs being bought from poor people.
  • Those who believe in immortality of the soul believe that the body is not needed after death.
  • Those who believe in resurrection believe that God will not need the organs to raise the body.
  • Leaving your organs is a way of loving your neighbour.
  • The Bible says the poor should not be exploited.
20
Q

Why do some Christians agree with transplant surgery?

A
  • They agree with transplants from living people, but not from dead people.
  • Transplanting organs from the dead to the living is playing God which is a great sin.
  • Organs such as the heart are an essential part of the person created by God.
  • Donating your organs is a way of loving your neighbour.
  • Paying for organs is exploiting the poor which is banned in the Bible.
21
Q

Why do some Christians not agree with transplant surgery?

A
  • They do not agree with transplant surgery and do not carry donor cards at all.
  • They believe it ignores the sanctity of life.
  • They believe it is playing God which is a great sin.
  • It raises the problem of when someone is dead.
  • It takes resources from less expensive cures which could help more people than a single transplant.
22
Q

Why do most Muslims not agree with transplant surgery?

A
  • The Shari’ah teaches that nothing should be removed from the body after death.
  • It is playing God which is the greatest sin.
  • The Qur’an teaches only God has the right to give/take life.
  • It goes against Muslim beliefs on the sanctity of life.
  • They believe they need all their organs for resurrection on the Last Day.
23
Q

Why do some Muslims allow transplants?

A
  • Some Muslims allow transplants from close relatives.
  • Some Muslim lawyers have said it is allowed.
  • The Muslim Law Council of the UK says Muslims can carry donor cards and have transplants.
  • Islam aims to do good and help people.