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TAP Lecture > Unit One Middle/superior Mediastinum > Flashcards

Unit One Middle/superior Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

The mediastinum is found where

A

Space between pleural cavities in center of thoracic cavity

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the mediastinum

A

Anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, lateral

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3
Q

What boundary is anterior of the mediastinum

A

Sternum

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4
Q

What boundary is posterior of mediastinum

A

Thoracic vertebrae

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5
Q

What boundary is superior of the mediastinum

A

Thoracic inlet

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6
Q

What is the informer boundary of the mediastinum

A

Diaphragm

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7
Q

What is the lateral boundary of the mediastinum

A

Pleura

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8
Q

What are the divisions of the mediastinum

A

Superior and inferior mediastinum

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9
Q

The inferior mediastinum can be divided into

A

Anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum

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10
Q

What are the contents of the middle mediastinum

A

Pericardium of Heart, phrenic nerve, cardiac plexus, pulmonary trunk bifurcation, R and L pulmonary arteries and veins, ascending aorta, SVC, IVC, azygous vein, tracheal bifurcation, R and L bronchi and lymph nodes

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11
Q

Azygous vein is mostly in what mediastinum

A

Posterior

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12
Q

What are the contents of the superior mediastinum

A

Thymic remnants, trachea, esophagus, brachiocephalic veins and artery, SVC, aortic arch, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, internal thoracic vessels, Vagus nerve, phrenic nerve, thoracic duct, lymph nodes

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13
Q

The left vagus nerve runs between

A

Internal jugular and common carotid

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14
Q

Thymus is what type of gland

A

Endocrine

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15
Q

Function of thymus

A

T lymphocytes mature here

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16
Q

Structure of thymus

A

Pink, flattened, asymmetric, bi-lobed structure

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17
Q

The thymus extends

A

Inferiorly into the anterior mediastinum

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18
Q

Thymus is most prominent in what age group

A

Children

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19
Q

What is the arterial supply of the thymus

A

Inferior THYROID artery, internal thoracic artery

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20
Q

What is the venous drainage of the thymus

A

Thymic vein and internal thoracic vein

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21
Q

The thymic vein drains into what

A

Left brachiocephalic vein

22
Q

The inferior thyroid artery and superior thyroid artery are branches from what

A

Thyrocervical trunk

23
Q

What are the tributaries into the brachiocephalic veins

A

Subclavian, internal jugular, vertebral, inferior thyroid, internal thoracic, left superior intercostal vein, posterior thymic vein

24
Q

What are the main tributaries into the brachiocephalic veins

A

Sublcavian and internal jugular veins

25
Q

What forms the superior vena cava

A

Two brachiocephalic veins

26
Q

Where does the SVC being

A

Behind the right 1st costal cartilage

27
Q

SVC ends where

A

Behind right 3rd costal cartilage

28
Q

What are the tributaries to the SVC

A

Right brachiocephalic, left brachiocephalic, azygous, pericardial veins and mediastinal veins

29
Q

What are the main tributaries to the SVC

A

Right and left brachiocephalic veins and azygous vein

30
Q

The arch of the aorta lies behind what

A

Manubrium sterni

31
Q

Where does the arch of the aorta begin

A

Level of sternal angle

32
Q

Where does the arch of the aorta end

A

Level of sternal angle

33
Q

The thoracic aorta lies in what part of mediastinum

A

Posterior

34
Q

When does the thoracic aorta begin

A

After T4-T5

35
Q

What are the branches of the aorta

A

Brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian artery

36
Q

What are the branches off the brachiocephalic artery

A

Right subclavian and right common carotid artery

37
Q

What organs are in the superior mediastinum

A

Thymus, trachea, esophagus and thoracic duct

38
Q

What arteries are in the superior mediastinum

A

Aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery

39
Q

What veins and lymph vessels are in the superior mediastinum

A

SVC, brachiocephalic vein, thoracic duct

40
Q

What nerves are in the superior mediastinum

A

Vagus, left recurrent laryngeal, cardiac and phrenic

41
Q

What organs are in the anterior mediastinum

A

Thymus

42
Q

Are there nerves in the anterior mediastinum

A

No

43
Q

What organs are in the middle mediastinum

A

Heart and pericardium

44
Q

What arteries are in the middle mediastinum

A

Ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk and branches, pericardiophrenic arteries

45
Q

What veins and lymph vessels are in the middle mediastinum

A

SVC, azygous, pulmonary vein, pericardiacophrenic vein

46
Q

What nerves are present in the middle mediastinum

A

Phrenic

47
Q

What organs are present in the posterior mediastinum

A

Esophagus

48
Q

What arteries are present in the posterior mediastinum

A

Thoracic aorta, thoracic duct

49
Q

What veins and lymph vessels are present in the posterior mediastinum

A

Azygos, hemiazygous, thoracic duct

50
Q

What nerves are present in the posterior mediastinum

A

Vagus nerve

TAP Lecture (8 decks)

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