Veins of the lower limb Flashcards Preview

Musculoskeletal System > Veins of the lower limb > Flashcards

Flashcards in Veins of the lower limb Deck (28)
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1
Q

What is the main deep venous return of the foot?

A

-Dorsal venous arch

2
Q

Where does the dorsal venous arch drain?

A

-Into superficial veins of the leg

3
Q

What forms the anterior tibial vein?

A

-Some veins of the dorsal arch penertrate deep into the leg and form this vein

4
Q

What deep veins arise on the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

-Medial and lateral plantar veins

5
Q

What happens to the lateral and medial plantar veins?

A

-Combine to form posterior tibial and fibular vein

6
Q

Where does the posterior tibial vein enter the leg?

A

-Posterior to medial malleolus

7
Q

What are the deep veins of the leg?

A

-Anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular veins

8
Q

What becomes of the deep veins of the leg?

A

-Combine to form the popliteal vein at the knee

9
Q

What happens to the popliteal vein?

A

-Enters to thigh through adductor canal and becomes femoral vein

10
Q

What are the deep veins of the thigh?

A
  • Femoral vein (which accompanies femoral artery)

- Deep vein of the thigh

11
Q

How does the deep vein of the thigh drain the thigh muscles?

A

-Perforating veins

12
Q

Where does the deep vein of the thigh drain into?

A

-Femoral vein

13
Q

What happens to the femoral vein?

A

-Runs under the inguinal ligament and becomes the external iliac vein

14
Q

Describe venous drainage of the gluteal region

A

-Drained by inferior and superior gluteal veins which empty into the internal iliac vein

15
Q

What is DVT?

A

-Formation of a blood clot within the deep veins of the lower limb, causing blockage of a vessel

16
Q

What are local symptoms of DVT?

A

-Pain, swelling and tenderness of affected limb

17
Q

What is the main complication of DVT?

A

-Pulmonary embolism

18
Q

Where are the superficial veins of the lower limb located?

A

-In the subcutaneous tissue

19
Q

What are the two major superficial veins?

A
  • Great saphenous vein

- Small saphenous vein

20
Q

What forms the great saphenous vein?

A

-Dorsal venous arch of the foot and the dorsal vein of the great toe

21
Q

Describe the path of the great saphenous vein in the lower limb

A
  • Ascends up the medial side of the leg, passing anteriorly to the ankle and posteriorly to the medial condyle of the knee
  • Terminates by draining into the femoral vein immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament
22
Q

What is the surgical relevance of the great saphenous vein?

A

-Can be harvested and used as a vessel in coronary artery bypasses

23
Q

What forms the small saphenous vein?

A
  • Dorsal venous arch of the foot

- Dorsal vein of the little toe

24
Q

Describe the path of the small saphenous vein in the lower limb

A
  • Ascends up posterior leg, passing posteriorly to lateral malleolus
  • Moves between the two heads of gastronemius and empties into the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa
25
Q

What are varicose veins?

A
  • The valves of superficial veins become incompetent and blood flows back into the superficial veins from the deep veins
  • This caises an increased intraluminal pressure wich the veins cannot withstand causing them to become dilated and torturous
26
Q

What are complications of varicose veins?

A
  • Damage to cells causing blood to extrude into the skin
  • Brown pigmention
  • Ulceration
27
Q

How are varicose veins treated?

A
  • Surgical movement of the saphenous systems
  • Reconstruction of valves
  • Tying off the effected valves
28
Q

Where are the deep veins of the lower limb usually located?

A

-In the same vascular sheath accompanying the main arteries